Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Reutilizing Single-Use Surgical Face Masks to Improve the Mechanical Properties of Concrete: A Feasibility Study

Researchers investigated reutilizing single-use surgical face masks as a material to improve the mechanical properties of construction or composite materials. The study demonstrates a potential upcycling pathway for pandemic-generated mask waste, converting a pollution problem into a resource.

2023 Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Innovative Use of Single-Use Face Mask Fibers for the Production of a Sustainable Cement Mortar

Researchers recycled disposable face masks into polypropylene fibers and added them to cement mortar, finding that small amounts improved the mortar's strength and crack resistance. The recycling process included full disinfection of the mask material before processing. This approach could help address the massive waste from single-use masks while creating a useful construction material, turning pandemic waste into a resource.

2023 Journal of Composites Science 52 citations
Article Tier 2

Property assessment of an eco-friendly mortar reinforced with recycled mask fiber derived from COVID-19 single-use face masks

Researchers developed an eco-friendly mortar reinforced with recycled polypropylene fibers from COVID-19 single-use face masks, demonstrating a practical approach to repurposing pandemic waste while reducing environmental microplastic contamination.

2023 Journal of Building Engineering 45 citations
Article Tier 2

Incorporation of Disposed Face Mask to Cement Mortar Material: An Insight into the Dynamic Mechanical Properties

Researchers incorporated shredded waste face masks into cement mortar mixes at varying proportions, evaluating the mechanical and durability properties of the resulting composite. Adding mask material at low proportions reduced compressive strength moderately but improved energy absorption, suggesting face mask waste could be valorized as a construction material additive.

2024 Buildings 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Green Recycling and Long-Term Immobilization of Disposable Medical Masks for Enhanced Mechanical Performance of Self-Compacting Recycled Concrete

Researchers proposed an eco-friendly strategy to repurpose discarded COVID-era medical masks as fiber reinforcement in self-compacting recycled aggregate concrete. Mask-derived polypropylene fibers improved tensile strength and reduced brittleness while providing an environmentally responsible disposal route for pandemic plastic waste.

2025 Buildings
Article Tier 2

Enhancing Concrete Strength with Recycled Disposable Face Mask Fibers: A Novel Approach to Sustainable Construction

Researchers developed a novel method to recycle disposable face masks (DFMs) from the COVID-19 pandemic by converting them into reinforcing fibers for concrete, addressing both medical plastic waste accumulation and microplastic pollution risks from discarded masks. The recycled mask fibers, added to concrete mixtures after a preliminary treatment process, were found to enhance the structural strength properties of the resulting composite material.

2025 Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering
Article Tier 2

Effective recycling of disposable medical face masks for sustainable green concrete via a new fiber hybridization technique

Researchers recycled disposable medical face masks by shredding them into fibers and hybridizing them with basalt fibers in recycled aggregate concrete, finding that the combined fiber approach improved compressive strength by 12%, tensile strength by 26%, and flexural strength by 60% compared to unmodified concrete — meeting structural requirements while diverting mask waste from landfills.

2022 Construction and Building Materials 55 citations
Article Tier 2

Estudo da adição de fibras de máscaras faciais N95, sílica ativa e pó de mármore em argamassa de alto desempenho

Researchers investigated incorporating shredded N95 face mask fibers at 1.4% and 2.0% by cement weight into mortars, alongside silica fume and marble powder, finding that pandemic-era PPE waste can be recycled as reinforcing material in construction applications.

2023 Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Alternative Waste Characterization and Its Functional Reuse in Cement-Based Composites

Researchers found that during COVID-19, people threw away more face masks and consumed more tea, so they tested mixing these waste materials into cement to make building materials. Adding small amounts of masks and tea waste to cement can help reduce waste while still making strong enough construction materials. This approach could help solve the growing problem of pandemic-related waste while creating useful building supplies.

2026 Applied Sciences
Article Tier 2

Sustainable use of COVID-19 discarded face masks to improve the performance of stone mastic asphalt

Researchers found that incorporating shredded COVID-19 face mask waste into stone mastic asphalt improved the pavement mixture's performance, offering a dual benefit of reducing pandemic waste while enhancing road construction materials.

2023 Construction and Building Materials 11 citations
Article Tier 2

Repurposing the disposable face masks in hot mix asphalt: Enhancing pavement performance and addressing plastic waste pollution

Researchers investigated repurposing shredded single-use polypropylene face masks as an additive in hot mix asphalt, evaluating improvements to mechanical performance of the pavement while simultaneously addressing the surge in disposable mask waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic.

2025
Article Tier 2

Recycling of Polymer Components From Waste Face Masks for Asphalt Modification: A Mini Review

Polymer components recovered from waste face masks (a major source of plastic waste since the COVID-19 pandemic) were recycled and incorporated into new materials. The study supports developing circular recycling pathways for the large volume of disposable mask plastic that otherwise risks fragmenting into microplastics.

2025 Journal of Applied Polymer Science 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Mechanical Behavior of Masonry Mortars Reinforced with Disposable Face Mask Strips

Researchers experimentally analyzed the mechanical behavior of masonry mortars reinforced with disposable face mask strips cut into 3x3 mm and 3x10 mm sizes, providing data on flexural and compressive strength changes at varying fiber inclusion levels. The study found that face mask strips can improve certain mechanical properties of mortar mixtures, supporting the feasibility of recycling pandemic-era disposable plastics as construction material reinforcement.

2024 Materials 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental impact of disposable face masks: degradation, wear, and cement mortar incorporation

Researchers examined how disposable polypropylene face masks break down in the environment, releasing microplastics and nanoplastics after just 117 days of outdoor exposure. The study also tested incorporating shredded mask material into cement mortar and found it did not significantly harm the material's structural properties, suggesting construction applications as one way to divert mask waste from the environment.

2025 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Analysis of the effect of using Covid-19 medical mask waste with polypropylene on the compressive strength and split tensile strength of high-performance concrete

Researchers analyzed the effect of incorporating shredded Covid-19 medical mask waste (polypropylene fibers) into high-performance concrete mixes, testing the impact on compressive strength and splitting tensile strength at multiple fiber addition levels. The study found that sterilized and cut mask fibers can function as reinforcement in concrete, offering an innovative approach to managing the large volume of pandemic-generated plastic mask waste.

2023 Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5 citations
Article Tier 2

An Investigation into the Behavior of Disposable Face Masks in Modified Bitumen for Sustainable Transportation Pathways

Researchers tested disposable face mask ash as an additive to bitumen at 5-20% by weight for use in road construction, finding that the PEN 60/70 grade bitumen showed improved asphalt properties, suggesting COVID-era mask waste could be repurposed as a sustainable road-building material.

2023 Jurnal Kejuruteraan 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Engineered cementitious composites with nano calcium carbonate and corona waste mask fibers for sustainable 3D printing applications

This study found that adding tiny calcium particles and fibers from old COVID masks to concrete makes it stronger and better for 3D printing buildings. The research helps solve two problems at once: reducing plastic waste from discarded masks and creating better construction materials. While this doesn't directly affect human health, it offers a way to keep mask waste out of the environment where it could break down into harmful microplastics.

2026 Scientific Reports
Article Tier 2

Study of Recycling Potential of FFP2 Face Masks and Characterization of the Plastic Mix-Material Obtained. A Way of Reducing Waste in Times of Covid-19

Researchers showed that FFP2 face masks can be mechanically recycled without pre-sorting their composite materials, producing a polymer blend with thermal and mechanical properties comparable to recycled polypropylene — offering a practical route to divert pandemic mask waste from the environment.

2021 Waste and Biomass Valorization 46 citations
Article Tier 2

An Emerging Solution for Medical Waste: Reuse of COVID-19 Protective Suit in Concrete

Researchers investigated incorporating shredded COVID-19 protective suit polypropylene material into concrete as a way to divert medical plastic waste from landfills. The polypropylene fiber additions improved concrete tensile properties at certain mix ratios, suggesting a viable pathway for valorizing single-use medical plastic waste in construction materials.

2022 Sustainability 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Advanced Recycling of Modified EDPM Rubber in Bituminous Asphalt Paving

Researchers explored recycling discarded COVID-19 surgical masks by incorporating them into bituminous asphalt for road pavement. Testing showed the mask material, made from modified rubber and polypropylene, could be blended into asphalt base courses without compromising structural performance, offering a potential circular-economy approach to managing pandemic plastic waste.

2024 Buildings 4 citations
Article Tier 2

Mechanical characterizations of waste face masks reinforced polyester composites: Recycling wastes into resources

Researchers explored recycling discarded face masks into composite materials by combining shredded mask fibers with polyester resin. The resulting composites showed promising mechanical strength comparable to natural fiber alternatives, suggesting that waste face masks could be repurposed rather than ending up as microplastic pollution in the environment.

2024 Heliyon 4 citations
Article Tier 2

A Safe Collection Process of Covid-19 Disposable Face Masks for the Applications in Asphalt Pavements

This study developed a theoretical collection and processing pathway for disposable COVID-19 face masks to enable their use as a material in asphalt pavement. The pandemic generated massive quantities of mask waste, which contains polypropylene microplastics; the proposed approach offers a way to divert this waste from landfills while making use of its material properties.

2023 EPiC series in built environment 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Effect of Fiber Stripes of COVID-19 Healthy Personal Materials On Durability, And Physicomechanical Characteristic of Concrete For Decorative Landscape Pavements And Artificial Rocks

This engineering study tested whether fiber strips cut from pandemic-era personal protective equipment (surgical masks and protective suits) could be incorporated into concrete to improve its mechanical durability. Adding PPE-derived fibers improved some concrete properties, potentially offering a way to recycle pandemic plastic waste in construction applications. This diverts single-use plastic waste from landfill while creating a useful product.

2021 Research Square (Research Square)
Article Tier 2

Experimental Tests on Lightweight Cement Mortar and Concrete with Recycled Plastic Wastes

This paper is not relevant to microplastics research — it tests the mechanical properties of cement mortar and concrete incorporating recycled plastic waste granules as aggregate substitutes, a construction materials engineering study.

2023 Buildings 6 citations