Papers

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Article Tier 2

Subchronic intraperitoneal toxicity of Sio2NPs on body weight andthyroid gland hormones in female Rats

Researchers investigated the subchronic intraperitoneal toxicity of silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) on body weight and thyroid hormone levels in female rats, finding significant decreases in body weight and alterations in thyroid function hormones (T3, T4, TSH) at both low and high doses after 10, 20, and 30 days of exposure. The results indicate that SiO2NPs can disrupt thyroid hormone regulation in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

2023 Bionatura 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Silica Nanoparticle Acute Toxicity on Male Rattus norvegicus Domestica: Ethological Behavior, Hematological Disorders, Biochemical Analyses, Hepato-Renal Function, and Antioxidant-Immune Response

Researchers assessed the acute toxicity of silica nanoparticles in male rats, finding significant hematological disorders, liver and kidney damage, oxidative stress, and immune system disruption at higher doses after 24 and 96 hours of exposure.

2022 Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 31 citations
Article Tier 2

Synthesis and Characterization of Silica, Silver-Silica, and Zinc Oxide-Silica Nanoparticles for Evaluation of Blood Biochemistry, Oxidative Stress, and Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats

Researchers synthesized silica nanoparticles combined with silver and zinc oxide and tested their effects on rat blood chemistry and liver health. The nanoparticles caused dose-dependent changes in liver enzymes and oxidative stress markers, with the silver-silica composite showing the strongest effects. This study contributes to understanding how engineered nanoparticles interact with biological systems, relevant to the broader field of particle toxicology.

2023 ACS Omega 47 citations
Article Tier 2

Tissue distribution, placental transfer and excretion of silver nanoparticles in pregnant rats after a single oral dose

Researchers quantitatively tracked silver nanoparticles in organs, fluids, and fetal blood of pregnant rats following a single oral dose, finding placental transfer and time-dependent tissue distribution over 24 hours.

2023 Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Evaluation of distribution, chemical speciation, and toxic effects of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles in Daphnia magna and Danio rerio

Copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles were toxic to both water fleas (Daphnia magna) and zebrafish at low concentrations, accumulating in tissues and causing oxidative damage. These nanoparticles are used in plastics as stabilizers and antimicrobials, making their aquatic toxicity relevant to assessing risks from plastic-derived nanoparticle release.

2021
Article Tier 2

Use of DNA adduct and histopathological defects as indications for bio-persistence potency of zinc oxide nanoparticles in gastropod, Monacha cartusiana (Mǜller) after short-term exposure

Researchers assessed the bio-persistence and adverse effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in the gastropod Monacha cartusiana after short-term exposure, using DNA adduct formation and histopathological defects as biomarkers to characterize cytotoxic and genomic damage from metallic nanoparticle exposure.

2022 Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Cobalt Iron Oxide (CoFe2O4) Nanoparticles Induced Toxicity in Rabbits

Researchers found that cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles induced dose-dependent toxicity in rabbits, causing significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters and histopathological damage to liver and kidney tissues.

2023 Veterinary Sciences 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles during early life impacts cardiac and neurobehavioral performance and metabolite profile in an age- and sex-related manner

Researchers found that feeding titanium dioxide nanoparticles (a common ingredient in food, sunscreen, and paint) to young rats disrupted heart function, brain chemistry, and metabolism in ways that differed by age and sex, with female pups showing greater harm. The findings raise concerns about early-life exposure to nanoparticles that enter the food supply and environment.

2022 Particle and Fibre Toxicology 18 citations
Article Tier 2

Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Exposure on Human Glial Cells and Zebrafish Embryos

Researchers investigated the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles on human brain glial cells and zebrafish embryos, finding that both were harmed at relatively low concentrations. The nanoparticles reduced cell viability in the glial cells and caused developmental abnormalities in the zebrafish embryos. The study suggests that the dissolved zinc ions released from these widely used nanoparticles play a significant role in their toxic effects on the nervous system.

2023 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 29 citations
Article Tier 2

Protective effects of Vitamin E against Zinc Oxide nanoparticles-induced histotoxicity of liver and testicular tissue, genotoxicity and biomarker stress in male albino rats

This rat study examined whether vitamin E could protect against liver and testicular damage caused by zinc oxide nanoparticles at doses of 50 and 200 mg/kg. Vitamin E at 100 mg/kg provided significant protection against ZnO nanoparticle-induced tissue damage, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress markers.

2024 Research Square (Research Square) 1 citations
Article Tier 2

The Impact of Metal Nanoparticles on Female Reproductive System: Risks and Opportunities

This review examines the impact of metal nanoparticles on the female reproductive system, discussing how exposure can disrupt ovarian function, embryo development, and fertility while also noting potential therapeutic applications in reproductive medicine.

2022 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 26 citations
Article Tier 2

Combined cerium and zinc oxide nanoparticles induced hepato-renal damage in rats through oxidative stress mediated inflammation

Researchers found that combined cerium and zinc oxide nanoparticles induced liver and kidney damage in rats through oxidative stress-mediated inflammation, demonstrating that co-exposure to multiple nanoparticles can produce synergistic toxic effects.

2023 Scientific Reports 14 citations
Article Tier 2

Effects of natural organic matter on the joint toxicity and accumulation of Cu nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles in Daphnia magna

Researchers tested how copper and zinc oxide nanoparticle mixtures affect the water flea Daphnia magna in the presence and absence of natural organic matter, finding additive-to-synergistic joint toxicity and showing that natural organic matter shifts the dominant toxic species toward dissolved zinc ions while increasing nanoparticle accumulation in the organism's body.

2021 Environmental Pollution 27 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics exposure altered hematological and lipid profiles as well as liver and kidney function parameters in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Researchers fed albino rats different concentrations of microplastics for 28 days and measured changes in blood, liver, kidney, and lipid profiles. They found dose-dependent effects including reduced immune cell counts suggesting immunosuppression, lower red blood cell levels indicating anemia, and altered liver and kidney function markers. The study provides evidence that microplastic ingestion may affect multiple organ systems and blood health in a way that worsens with higher exposure levels.

2024 Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Potential Toxicity of Nanoparticles for the Oral Delivery of Therapeutics

This chapter reviews the potential toxic effects of nanoparticles used for oral drug delivery, examining how properties like size, surface area, surface charge, and chemistry influence biological interactions. While nanoparticles offer advantages for drug bioavailability, their unexpected interactions with biological systems raise significant safety concerns.

2024 IntechOpen eBooks 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Effectiveness of N-Acetylcysteine on Zinc oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Albino Rats

Researchers exposed adult albino rats to zinc oxide nanoparticles orally and investigated whether N-acetylcysteine — a free radical scavenger — could protect against ZnO nanoparticle-induced cardiotoxicity, measuring oxidative stress markers, histopathological changes, and cardiac enzyme levels to evaluate the mechanistic basis and protective efficacy of NAC treatment.

2022 Ain Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology
Article Tier 2

The Toxic Effect of Cu and CuO Nanoparticles on Euplotes Aediculatus

Copper and copper oxide nanoparticles were found to be toxic to the single-celled organism Euplotes aediculatus, causing oxidative damage and physical changes to the cell. These nanoparticle toxicity findings are relevant to understanding how nanoplastics and co-occurring metal pollutants affect aquatic organisms.

2021 Research Square (Research Square) 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Toxicity of metal-based nanoparticles: Challenges in the nano era

This review covers the toxic effects of metal-based nanoparticles on human health, including how they cause oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and organ dysfunction. While focused on engineered nanoparticles rather than microplastics directly, the toxicity pathways described overlap significantly with those triggered by nanoplastic exposure. Understanding these shared mechanisms helps explain how nano-scale particles of any kind, including nanoplastics, may harm the body.

2022 Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 286 citations
Article Tier 2

Combined Effects of Test Media and Dietary Algae on the Toxicity of CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles to Freshwater Microcrustaceans Daphnia magna and Heterocypris incongruens: Food for Thought

Researchers examined the combined effects of test media composition and dietary algae on the toxicity of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to Daphnia magna and Heterocypris incongruens in both mineral and natural lake water. The study found that the presence of algae and water chemistry significantly altered nanoparticle bioavailability and toxicity outcomes for both species.

2018 Nanomaterials 24 citations
Article Tier 2

Toxicity of AgNPs upon Liver Function and Positive Role of Tinospora Cordifolia: In Vivo

Researchers found that silver nanoparticle exposure caused significant liver toxicity in male rats, and that Tinospora cordifolia extract provided a protective effect by mitigating the nanoparticle-induced disruption of liver function parameters.

2021 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Bioaccumulation of CdSe Quantum Dots Show Biochemical and Oxidative Damage in Wistar Rats

Researchers found that intravenously administered cadmium selenide quantum dots bioaccumulated in Wistar rats and caused biochemical alterations and oxidative damage across multiple organs, raising safety concerns about these nanomaterials used as biological probes.

2023 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 11 citations
Article Tier 2

Combined cerium and zinc oxide nanoparticles induced hepato-renal damage in rats through oxidative stress mediated inflammation

Researchers found that exposing rats to cerium oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles — alone or in combination — caused liver and kidney damage by triggering oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling, with the combined treatment producing distinct toxicity patterns compared to either nanoparticle alone.

2023 Research Square (Research Square)
Article Tier 2

Ameliorative Hematological and Histomorphological Effects of Dietary Trigonella foenum-graecum Seeds in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Exposed to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Researchers tested dietary fenugreek seed extract as a protective supplement in common carp exposed to copper oxide nanoparticles at 1.5 mg per liter. Fenugreek supplementation at 125-150 mg per liter reduced hematological toxicity and improved tissue histomorphology in fish exposed to CuO nanoparticles, suggesting potential as a nutraceutical mitigation strategy.

2022 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19 citations
Review Tier 2

Small particles, big impact: A narrative review of microplastics and their effects on thyroid function

This narrative review synthesized evidence linking microplastic and nanoplastic exposure to thyroid dysfunction, examining mechanisms including endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. The authors identified thyroid-disrupting effects in both animal models and human epidemiological data, with children and pregnant women as particularly vulnerable populations.

2025 Environmental Disease