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Papers
61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Dynamics of oxygen sources and sinks in the Baltic Sea under different nutrient inputs
ClearGood eutrophication status is a challenging goal for coastal waters
Not relevant to microplastics — this study models nutrient pollution and eutrophication in the Baltic Sea's Archipelago Sea, finding that meeting current international nutrient reduction targets can improve outer coastal water quality but is insufficient for inner coastal zones, without addressing microplastic pollution.
Simulation of nutrient management and hydroclimatic effects on coastal water quality and ecological status—The Baltic Himmerfjärden Bay case
Researchers used computer modeling to simulate how different nutrient management scenarios and climate conditions would affect water quality and ecological status in the Baltic Sea's Himmerfjarden Bay. The study provides a tool for coastal managers to evaluate strategies for reducing eutrophication under future climate scenarios.
Preliminary approach to modelling eutrophication – anthropopressure impact on sea water quality
This chapter reviews methods for modeling eutrophication — the process by which excess nutrients cause algal blooms and oxygen depletion in water — with a focus on the Baltic Sea. Eutrophication interacts with microplastic pollution because nutrient-rich conditions promote the biofilm communities that colonize plastic particles.
Modeling drift and fate of microplastics in the Baltic Sea
Researchers developed a hydrodynamic model to track the drift and accumulation of microplastics in the Baltic Sea, linking coastal emission sources to offshore accumulation zones and identifying key oceanographic processes that govern the fate of land-derived plastic pollution.
Mapping microplastic pathways and accumulation zones in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea – insights from modeling
A hydrodynamic-particle tracking model of the Gulf of Finland found that rivers contribute 76% of microplastic inputs while wastewater treatment plants account for 24%, with most plastics accumulating within the gulf rather than drifting to the broader Baltic Sea.
Urban Microplastics Emissions: Effectiveness of Retention Measures and Consequences for the Baltic Sea
Researchers estimated that 6.7 x 10^13 microplastic particles enter the Baltic Sea annually from urban sewage pathways, with stormwater runoff accounting for 62% of emissions, and modeled scenarios showing that improved retention measures in wastewater infrastructure could substantially reduce these inputs.
Investigating the influence of sub-mesoscale current structures on Baltic Sea connectivity through a Lagrangian analysis
Not relevant to microplastics — this oceanographic study uses Lagrangian particle tracking to model how sub-mesoscale currents affect water connectivity in the Baltic Sea, finding that the basin's long residence time (~790 days) makes it prone to pollutant accumulation, but does not study microplastics directly.
Modelling to inform the conservation and management of aquatic ecosystems: A synthesis of five case studies
Not relevant to microplastics — this paper presents five modeling case studies for managing aquatic ecosystems under threats including invasive species, over-exploitation, and climate change; microplastics are briefly mentioned as one of many stressors but are not the paper's focus.
Combined Approaches to Predict Microplastic Emissions Within an Urbanized Estuary (Warnow, Southwestern Baltic Sea)
Researchers combined field sampling, hydrodynamic modeling, and emission inventories to estimate microplastic inputs into the Warnow estuary in the southwestern Baltic Sea, finding that stormwater overflow and combined sewer overflows are dominant local sources and that urbanization intensity strongly predicts emission hotspots.
The winter stratification phenomenon and its consequences in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea
This oceanography study found that shallow winter stratification in the Gulf of Finland is more common than previously assumed, with implications for primary production in the Baltic Sea. It is a physical oceanography paper not related to microplastics or human health.
Transport and Behavior of Microplastics Emissions From Urban Sources in the Baltic Sea
Researchers compiled microplastic emission data for urban sources in the Baltic Sea region and modelled transport and deposition of polyethylene, polypropylene, and PET particles using 3D simulations. The study found that combined sewer overflow systems and untreated wastewater are major pathways for microplastics, with particle density strongly influencing transport trajectories and depositional patterns.
No increase in marine microplastic concentration over the last three decades – A case study from the Baltic Sea
Researchers analyzed three decades of plankton samples and fish digestive tracts from the Baltic Sea and, surprisingly, found no significant increase in microplastic levels from 1987 to 2015, even as global plastic production surged. The findings suggest that local human activities may drive microplastic concentrations more than overall global plastic output, and that plastics are cycling through marine ecosystems in ways not yet fully understood.
Long-term improvement of urban wastewater treatment efficiency following biological modernization in a Baltic Sea region
Despite its title touching on wastewater treatment — a major pathway for microplastics to enter waterways — this paper primarily studies long-term improvements in nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) removal at a Lithuanian treatment plant over 25 years. It does not examine microplastics directly; microplastics are mentioned only briefly as a future challenge. The paper is most relevant to nutrient pollution management rather than microplastic research.
Model uncertainties of a storm and their influence on microplastics / sediment transport in the Baltic Sea
Researchers used ocean circulation modeling to simulate how microplastics and sediment are transported in the Baltic Sea during storm events, identifying uncertainty in the models as a key challenge. Despite this, the approach helps predict where microplastics accumulate on the seafloor, which is otherwise expensive to measure directly.
Modeling the transport and accumulation of microplastics in the Gulf of Finland
Researchers used numerical simulations to model how microplastics are transported and accumulate across the Gulf of Finland in the eastern Baltic Sea. The model accounted for diffusion, beaching, resuspension, and biofouling, and found that microplastic accumulation patterns depend strongly on particle buoyancy. The results identify hotspots of microplastic accumulation in this semi-enclosed sea and can inform targeted cleanup efforts.
Recovery from microplastic-induced marine deoxygenation may take centuries
Biogeochemical modeling showed that even complete removal of microplastics from the ocean starting in 2022 would not fully reverse microplastic-induced marine deoxygenation for centuries due to accumulated impacts on phytoplankton and oxygen cycling. The findings underscore the long-term consequences of microplastic pollution for ocean health.
Assessment of input of organic micropollutants and microplastics into the Baltic Sea by urban waters
This study assessed how microplastics and chemical pollutants enter the Baltic Sea through urban wastewater streams, including treated and untreated sewage and stormwater runoff. Combined sewer overflows during rain events were identified as a major uncontrolled source of both microplastics and micropollutants.
Decreased Dimethylsulfideand Increased PolybrominatedMethanes: Potential Climate Effects of Microplastic Pollution in AcidifiedOcean
Researchers conducted a ship-based microcosm experiment examining the combined effects of microplastic pollution and ocean acidification on short-lived biogenic climate-active gases, finding that these stressors together decreased dimethylsulfide while increasing polybrominated methanes, suggesting novel climate feedback pathways.
Human impacts and their interactions in the Baltic Sea region
This review synthesized knowledge on human impacts in the Baltic Sea region including eutrophication, hazardous substances including microplastics, fisheries, and climate change, finding that these pressures interact in complex ways that compound their individual effects and require integrated transboundary management to address.
Future coastal water pollution under global change: multi-pollutant modeling
Researchers describe a global multi-pollutant modeling framework for assessing future coastal water pollution from nutrients, plastics, and chemicals under climate change and urbanization scenarios, arguing that managing multiple pollutants together is essential for achieving clean coastal water goals.
Marine plastics alter the organic matter composition of the air-sea boundary layer, with influences on CO2 exchange: a large-scale analysis method to explore future ocean scenarios
Researchers used six large-scale mesocosms filled with Mediterranean seawater to simulate high microplastic concentration scenarios, finding that polystyrene microbeads increased microbial biomass production and organic matter enrichment in the sea-surface microlayer, with potential implications for CO2 gas exchange at the air-sea boundary.
A Probabilistic Approach to Mapping the Contribution of Individual Riverine Discharges into Liverpool Bay Using Distance Accumulation Cost Methods on Satellite Derived Ocean-Colour Data
This paper develops a probabilistic method using satellite ocean-colour data to map dissolved inorganic nitrogen contributions from rivers into Liverpool Bay. It is not about microplastics and is not relevant to microplastic research.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Microplastics in the Eastern Baltic Sea
Researchers documented spatiotemporal variability of microplastics in the eastern Baltic Sea over five years, finding concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 2.45 particles per cubic meter with patterns linked to proximity to urban areas and riverine inputs.
Zooplankton grazing of microplastic can accelerate global loss of ocean oxygen
Researchers modeled the effect of zooplankton microplastic ingestion on ocean oxygen levels, finding that reduced zooplankton grazing on phytoplankton due to plastic consumption could decrease export of organic carbon to depth, leading to lower oxygen consumption by deep-water bacteria and counterintuitively reducing oxygen loss in some scenarios.