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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Single and combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and PCB-52 to the aquatic duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza
ClearEnhanced competitiveness of Spirodela polyrhiza in co-culture with Salvinia natans under combined exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls
Combined exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and the PCB congener PCB-52 inhibited the growth of both Spirodela polyrhiza and Salvinia natans duckweeds, reduced chlorophyll levels, and altered competitive dynamics, with polystyrene nanoplastics accumulating visibly on leaf and root surfaces.
Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and PCB-44 exposure on growth and physiological biochemistry of Chlorella vulgaris
Researchers studied the combined effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and a common industrial pollutant (PCB-44) on a freshwater green algae species over both short and long exposure periods. They found that both contaminants individually inhibited algae growth and disrupted cell functions, but their combined presence intensified the damage. The study highlights that when nanoplastics and chemical pollutants co-exist in water, they can create compounding harmful effects on aquatic organisms.
Single and combined effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and Cd on submerged plants Ceratophyllum demersum L.
Researchers studied the combined effects of nanoplastics and cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, on the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum. They found that nanoplastics worsened cadmium's harmful effects on plant growth, photosynthesis, and cellular health, reducing growth rates by over 35%. The study suggests that when nanoplastics and heavy metals co-occur in water, their combined impact on aquatic plants may be more severe than either pollutant alone.
Bioaccumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics and BDE-209 induced oxidative stress, photosynthesis and growth impairments in floating fern Salvinia natans
Researchers exposed the floating fern Salvinia natans to polystyrene nanoplastics and the flame retardant BDE-209, both individually and in combination, for 14 days. The study found that nanoplastics accumulated in the plant's epidermis and trichomes, triggered oxidative stress, and reduced photosynthetic capacity and growth rates, with combined exposure producing more severe effects than either pollutant alone.
Single and combined toxicity effects of nanoplastics and bisphenol F on submerged the macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata
Researchers investigated the combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and bisphenol F on the aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata, finding that nanoplastics alone and in combination with BPF significantly reduced growth rates and chlorophyll content, while BPF alone had no impact.
Combined toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and lead on Chlorella vulgaris growth, membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, and morphological alterations
Researchers found that amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics and lead act synergistically to inhibit the growth of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris, with combined exposure producing greater reductions in chlorophyll, biomass, and cell size than either pollutant alone.
Single and combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and arsenic on submerged plant Myriophyllum verticillatum L.
Researchers investigated the combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and arsenic on the submerged aquatic plant Myriophyllum verticillatum. They found that nanoplastics reduced arsenic accumulation in the plant by 17 to 67 percent, and that the interaction between the two contaminants was dose-dependent, with nanoplastics alleviating arsenic toxicity at low doses but worsening it at higher concentrations. The study suggests that co-contamination of nanoplastics and heavy metals in freshwater environments may have complex ecological effects.
Polystyrene nanoplastics distinctly impact cadmium uptake and toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana
In a study using the model plant Arabidopsis, polystyrene nanoplastics increased the uptake and accumulation of the toxic heavy metal cadmium in plant roots. The combined stress of nanoplastics and cadmium caused worse oxidative damage and growth problems than either pollutant alone. This is concerning because it means microplastics in agricultural soil could help toxic metals get into crops more easily, potentially increasing human exposure through food.
Nanoplastics inDuckweed: Single-Cell Responses andRecovery
This study examined how polystyrene nanoplastics affect duckweed at the single-cell level, documenting photosynthetic disruption and oxidative stress, as well as partial recovery after exposure ceased. The results indicate aquatic macrophytes have some resilience to nanoplastic stress but can sustain lasting cellular damage at higher doses.
Toxic impacts of polystyrene nanoplastics and PCB77 in blunt snout bream: Evidence from tissue morphology, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiome
Researchers studied the combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and a persistent organic pollutant (PCB77) in freshwater fish. They found that co-exposure caused worse tissue damage, higher oxidative stress, and greater disruption to gut bacteria than either contaminant alone. The study highlights that microplastics can worsen the harmful effects of other environmental pollutants when organisms are exposed to both simultaneously.
Co-exposure effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and silver nanoparticles in constructed wetlands: Microbial and macrophyte responses
Researchers co-exposed constructed wetlands to polystyrene nanoplastics and silver nanoparticles and found synergistic disruption of the electron transport chain, impaired ATP production, and altered nitrogen transformation, with combined exposure more toxic than either contaminant alone.
Responses of individual and combined polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate nanoplastics on hormonal content, fluorescence/photochemistry of chlorophylls and ROS scavenging capacity in Lemna minor under arsenic-induced oxidative stress
Researchers exposed duckweed plants to polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate nanoplastics under arsenic-induced stress and measured effects on hormones, photosynthesis, and antioxidant responses. They found that nanoplastics altered how plants responded to arsenic toxicity, with some combinations reducing oxidative damage while others worsened it. The study reveals that nanoplastic interactions with heavy metals in plants are complex and depend on the specific plastic type involved.
Tissue-specific responses of duckweed to cadmium stress under nanoplastic co-exposure: differential accumulation and toxicity in roots and fronds
This study found that polystyrene nanoplastics promoted cadmium accumulation in duckweed roots while paradoxically reducing cadmium toxicity in the fronds, revealing tissue-specific differences in how nanoplastic co-exposure modifies metal toxicity in aquatic plants.
The interfacial interaction between Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs): An overlooked influence factor for the algal toxicity of PSNPs
Researchers investigated how a flame retardant chemical called Dechlorane Plus interacts with polystyrene nanoplastics and found that the two pollutants bind together and become more harmful to algae than either one alone. When exposed to both contaminants simultaneously, algae showed reduced photosynthesis, greater growth inhibition, and significantly increased oxidative damage. The study suggests that the combined effects of nanoplastics and their chemical additives pose greater environmental risks than previously recognized.
Phytotoxicity of microplastics to the floating plant Spirodela polyrhiza (L.): Plant functional traits and metabolomics
Researchers exposed the aquatic plant duckweed to PVC microplastics and found that high concentrations severely stunted root growth by 42% and leaf reproduction by 61%. The microplastics disrupted the plant's carbon, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism, interfering with its ability to accumulate nutrients. Since aquatic plants are important for water ecosystems and can enter human food chains, this damage could have ripple effects on water quality and food safety.
Plastic particles adsorb to the roots of freshwater vascular plant Spirodela polyrhiza but do not impair growth
Nano- and microplastic particles were observed to adsorb to the roots of freshwater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) but did not measurably impair the plant's growth or physiology at the tested concentrations. While the plastics physically attached to root surfaces, the plant appeared resilient, though the long-term ecological significance remains to be determined.
Toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (chrysene and fluoranthene) on the growth and physiological characteristics of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Researchers tested how polystyrene nanoplastics combined with two common pollutants (chrysene and fluoranthene, found in vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions) affect green algae. The combination reduced algae growth, damaged cell membranes, and triggered oxidative stress more severely than either pollutant alone. Since algae are the foundation of aquatic food chains, this combined toxicity from nanoplastics and common environmental pollutants could have cascading effects on water ecosystems and the organisms that depend on them.
Nanoplastics and their combined effects with sulphamethoxazole on the free-floating aquatic plant Lemna major
Researchers studied the combined effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole on free-floating freshwater organisms, examining how co-exposure to these two pollutants interacts compared to individual exposures. Nanoplastics altered the bioavailability and toxicity of the antibiotic, demonstrating complex mixture effects in aquatic systems.
Revealing the metabolomics and biometrics underlying phytotoxicity mechanisms for polystyrene nanoplastics and dibutyl phthalate in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
Researchers studied how polystyrene nanoplastics and a common plasticizer called dibutyl phthalate affect dandelion plants, both individually and in combination. They found that combined exposure significantly impaired plant growth, triggered oxidative stress, and disrupted key metabolic pathways more severely than either pollutant alone. The study suggests that the co-occurrence of nanoplastics and plastic additives in soil may pose compounding risks to plant health.
Polystyrene nanoplastic contamination mixed with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Alleviation on gas exchange, water management, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant capacity in wheat
Researchers investigated the combined effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on wheat plants, finding that co-contamination disrupted gas exchange, water management, chlorophyll fluorescence, and antioxidant capacity more than either pollutant alone.
Nanoplastics increase the toxicity of a pharmaceutical, at environmentally relevant concentrations – A mixture design with Daphnia magna
Researchers found that polystyrene nanoplastics significantly increased the toxicity of the pharmaceutical diphenhydramine to Daphnia magna water fleas at environmentally relevant concentrations. The combination caused oxidative damage that was not observed when organisms were exposed to either substance alone, indicating a synergistic interaction. The study highlights that the co-occurrence of nanoplastics and pharmaceutical pollutants in water may create compounding risks for aquatic organisms.
Effects of microplastics and glyphosate on growth rate, morphological plasticity, photosynthesis, and oxidative stress in the aquatic species Salvinia cucullata
Researchers tested how polystyrene microplastics and the herbicide glyphosate, both alone and combined, affect the aquatic plant Salvinia cucullata. Glyphosate significantly reduced the plant's growth, photosynthesis, and root activity, while microplastics mainly impaired growth and root function without affecting photosynthesis directly. When combined at high concentrations, the two pollutants showed synergistic effects, suggesting their co-occurrence in waterways may be more harmful than either one alone.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles enhance the detrimental effect of polystyrene nanoplastics on cell and plant physiology of Vicia lens (L.) Coss. & Germ. seedlings
Combined exposure of Vicia lens seedlings to polystyrene nanoplastics and titanium dioxide nanoparticles caused greater physiological and cellular damage than either contaminant alone, suggesting synergistic toxicity at the plant level.
Enhanced neurotoxic effect of PCB-153 when co-exposed with polystyrene nanoplastics in zebrafish larvae
Researchers found that when zebrafish larvae were exposed to both polystyrene nanoplastics and the toxic chemical PCB-153 together, the neurological damage was significantly worse than from either pollutant alone. The combined exposure caused hyperactive swimming behavior and suppressed immune, brain, and detoxification pathways at the genetic level. This is concerning because nanoplastics and persistent organic pollutants frequently co-exist in the environment, meaning their real-world health effects on aquatic life and humans may be greater than studies of single pollutants suggest.