Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Removal of Microfiber from Laundry Wastewater Using the Electrocoagulation Method

Researchers investigated microfiber release from laundry wastewater and found a reference load of 2.5 L of synthetic textiles released approximately 92,700-114,300 synthetic microfibers. Electrocoagulation treatment at neutral pH, 25-minute operating time, and 300 A/m² current density achieved 97.9% microfiber removal efficiency at a treatment cost of US$0.53/m³.

2025 Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government
Article Tier 2

Removal of Microplastics from Laundry Wastewater Using Coagulation and Membrane Combination: A Laboratory-Scale Study

Researchers characterized microplastics in raw domestic laundry wastewater (9,000–11,000 particles/L, dominated by polyester fibers) and tested whether combining coagulation with ultrafiltration membrane filtration improved MP removal. The combined process significantly enhanced removal compared to coagulation alone, highlighting laundry wastewater as a major MP source amenable to treatment at scale.

2025 Membranes 4 citations
Article Tier 2

Remediation technology of microfibers from washing machine effuents

Researchers developed a treatment method combining Fenton oxidation and electro-sorption to remove polyester microfibers from washing machine wastewater. Washing synthetic clothing is a major source of microplastic fiber pollution, and effective wastewater treatment at the machine level could significantly reduce this pathway into aquatic environments.

2023
Article Tier 2

Title Perniciousness of microplastics in the ocean and electrocoagulation in microplastic removal in effluent treatment process

This study reviewed the environmental harms of microplastics in the ocean and assessed electrocoagulation as a removal technology for wastewater treatment. Electrocoagulation showed promise as an effective and scalable method for removing microplastics from wastewater before ocean discharge.

2024 Science and Technology of Engineering Chemistry and Environmental Protection
Article Tier 2

Effect of coagulation on microfibers in laundry wastewater

Researchers tested ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride (PACl) as coagulants for removing synthetic microfibers from laundry wastewater, finding that surfactants in detergent reduced removal efficiency from up to 96% to 0-37%. Adding PACl restored removal to above 90%, with optimal PACl concentrations dependent on detergent concentration, suggesting coagulant addition is critical for effective microfiber removal from laundry effluent.

2022 Environmental Research 50 citations
Article Tier 2

Removal of Microplastics/Microfibers and Detergents from Laundry Wastewater by Microbubble Flotation

Researchers developed a microbubble flotation system that removes over 98% of microplastics and 95% of detergent surfactants from laundry wastewater. The study successfully scaled the approach from bench-level to a pilot-scale column over 5 meters tall, demonstrating a practical, cost-effective solution for treating one of the largest sources of microplastic pollution entering waterways.

2024 ACS ES&T Water 29 citations
Article Tier 2

In-situ electrochemical oxidation: a revolutionary approach to degrading synthetic microfibers in laundry effluent

Researchers developed an in-situ electrochemical oxidation technique to degrade synthetic microfibers directly from washing machine effluent, eliminating the need for consumable mechanical filters that generate secondary waste. The method achieved effective microfiber degradation at the source without producing additional solid waste streams.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Electrocoagulation/Electroflotation Process for Removal of Organics and Microplastics in Laundry Wastewater

Researchers optimised an electrocoagulation/electroflotation process for treating laundry wastewater using response surface methodology, testing different electrode combinations, pH levels, current strengths, and treatment times. Using Fe-Al electrodes at pH 9 with 2.16 A for 60 minutes, they achieved 91%, 94%, 98%, and 100% removal of COD, surfactant, microplastics, and colour respectively, at an operating cost of $1.32 per cubic metre.

2020 CLEAN - Soil Air Water 81 citations
Article Tier 2

Electro-coagulation technique using iron [Fe] and aluminium [Al] for microplastics removal from fashion industry wastewater, Thailand

Laboratory tests showed that electrocoagulation — running electrical current through iron and aluminum electrodes — can remove microplastics from textile industry wastewater in Thailand with high efficiency. Because conventional wastewater treatment plants were not designed to capture particles as small as microplastics, electrochemical methods like this represent a promising upgrade to reduce the millions of microplastic particles released daily from textile factories.

2024 Economics and Environment 2 citations
Article Tier 2

In-situ electrochemical oxidation: a revolutionary approach to degrading synthetic microfibers in laundry effluent

Researchers developed an in-situ electrochemical oxidation technique for degrading synthetic microfibers from washing machine effluent, offering an alternative to conventional mechanical filters that require periodic disposal. The method demonstrated effective degradation of microfibers at the source without generating secondary waste.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Development and Efficiency Evaluation of Microplastic Removal Filter for Laundry Machines

Researchers developed a four-stage filter for laundry machines designed to capture microplastics released during washing. Over 50 tests, the filter achieved an average microplastic removal rate of 98.5%, along with 92% removal of chemical oxygen demand. The most common microplastics in laundry wastewater were polyethylene (57%), followed by PET and nylon, highlighting both the scale of laundry-related microplastic pollution and the effectiveness of filtration solutions.

2025 Water 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Title Perniciousness of microplastics in the ocean and electrocoagulation in microplastic removal in effluent treatmentprocess.

This report reviews the environmental harm of ocean microplastics and evaluates electrocoagulation as a wastewater treatment technology for microplastic removal, examining its dissolution, coagulation, and flocculation mechanisms and the factors affecting its efficiency.

2024 Science and Technology of Engineering Chemistry and Environmental Protection
Article Tier 2

The significant impacts of laundry wastewater on microplastics: a case study in a residential area

Researchers measured microplastic concentrations in laundry wastewater from a residential area and tracked their contribution to urban drainage, finding that laundry effluent is a significant and underestimated source of microfibers entering municipal sewer systems and subsequently rivers.

2024 IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Advanced Treatment of Laundry Wastewater by Electro-Hybrid Ozonation–Coagulation Process: Surfactant and Microplastic Removal and Mechanism

Researchers found that an electro-hybrid ozonation-coagulation process achieved over 90% removal of both surfactants and microplastics from laundry wastewater under optimized conditions, with hydroxyl radical generation identified as the key mechanism driving contaminant breakdown.

2022 Water 37 citations
Article Tier 2

Evaluation of MiniPlast Filters for Microplastic Removal from Laundry Wastewater

Researchers evaluated MiniPlast in-washing machine filters for capturing synthetic microfibers released during laundry cycles, finding that the filters significantly reduced microplastic emissions in wastewater and could serve as a practical household intervention for reducing microfiber pollution.

2025 Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management)
Article Tier 2

Removal of microplastics from wastewater through electrocoagulation-electroflotation and membrane filtration processes

Researchers investigated electrocoagulation-electroflotation and membrane filtration for removing microplastics from wastewater, finding that combining these processes effectively recovers microplastic particles from treatment plant effluent.

2021 Water Science & Technology 149 citations
Article Tier 2

Removal of Microplastics from Wastewater by Methods of Electrocoagulation and Adsorption

This review examines electrocoagulation and adsorption methods for removing microplastics from wastewater, comparing them against conventional physical, chemical, and biological approaches in terms of removal efficiency, cost, and practical scalability.

2025 Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Approaches for Sampling and Sample Preparation for Microplastic Analysis in Laundry Effluents

Researchers reviewed sampling and sample preparation methods for analyzing microplastics in laundry effluents. The study highlights the lack of standardized methods for quantifying textile fiber microplastics released during washing and emphasizes the need for consistent analytical approaches to better understand this significant source of microplastic pollution.

2024 Sustainability 14 citations
Article Tier 2

Analysis of the presence of surfactante in the removal of microplastics by electrocoagulation

This study examined how the presence of surfactants in wastewater affects the removal of microplastics by electrocoagulation treatment. Understanding how co-pollutants interact is crucial for designing more effective wastewater treatment systems.

2023 LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants of Wuhan, Central China: Abundance, removal, and potential source in household wastewater

Two wastewater treatment plants in Wuhan, China, removed 62-66% of incoming microplastics, and household sources including clothing laundering, facial cleansers, and toothpaste were identified as dominant contributors. Washing one kilogram of clothing released over 150,000 fibers, making laundry the largest single household microplastic source.

2020 The Science of The Total Environment 165 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics removal from spiked laundry wastewater using electro-peroxidation process

Researchers tested an electro-peroxidation process for removing nanoplastics from laundry wastewater and found it achieved complete removal in as little as 40 minutes. The naturally occurring chloride ions in laundry water actually accelerated the breakdown of nanoplastics during treatment. The study demonstrates a promising and efficient method for addressing nanoplastic pollution from one of its most common household sources.

2023 Chemosphere 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Efficient Filtration Systems for Microplastic Elimination in Wastewater

Synthetic microfibers and microplastic particles released during industrial laundry processes are a significant but under-addressed source of water pollution. This study designed a three-stage textile cascade filter system capable of capturing microplastic particles down to 1.5 micrometers from laundry wastewater, achieving high removal efficiency using progressively finer polypropylene filter media. The approach offers a practical engineering solution for reducing microplastic discharge from commercial laundries before it reaches waterways.

2025 Microplastics 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Examining Current and Future Applications of Electrocoagulation in Wastewater Treatment

This review provides a comprehensive look at electrocoagulation, an electricity-based water treatment technique that can remove a wide range of pollutants including microplastics from wastewater. The analysis covers decades of research showing the method is effective, relatively low-cost, and environmentally friendly compared to chemical treatments. The authors identify microplastic removal as one of the promising newer applications of this technology.

2023 Water 130 citations
Article Tier 2

Efektivitas Ferrofluid dalam Penurunan Parameter Limbah Laundri

Researchers tested ferrofluid — a suspension of magnetic nanoparticles — for removing microplastics and other pollutants from laundry wastewater, achieving a 66% reduction in microplastic concentration, 70% reduction in suspended solids, and 50% reduction in dissolved solids, though surfactant removal was only 10%. These results suggest ferrofluid is a promising but partial treatment for the high microplastic loads in laundry wastewater discharge.

2023 Jurnal Serambi Engineering