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Papers
20 resultsShowing papers similar to The global governance of marine plastic pollution: rethinking the extended producer responsibility system
ClearConcretising the role of extended producer responsibility in European Union waste law and policy through the lens of the circular economy
This review examines the evolution of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) within European Union waste law and policy, analyzing how EPR instruments can be strengthened to drive more effective plastic waste prevention and recycling across the product lifecycle. The authors argue for more ambitious, harmonized EPR frameworks to reduce plastic pollution at its source.
Governance Solutions to the Tragedy of the Commons That Marine Plastics Have Become
This paper examines marine plastic pollution as a "tragedy of the commons" and evaluates existing and proposed governance frameworks for addressing this shared environmental challenge. It argues that effective solutions will require international coordination, extended producer responsibility, and complementary regulatory and market-based instruments.
Global Plastic Pollution and the Transition Towards a Circular Economy: Lessons from the EU’s Legal Framework on Plastics
This paper reviews the EU legal framework on plastics and the transition toward a circular economy, examining how regulatory instruments including the Single-Use Plastics Directive and extended producer responsibility schemes can reduce the billions of tons of plastic waste generated annually.
Extended producer’s responsibility of companies using plastics for packaging commodities in India
This study examines extended producer responsibility (EPR) frameworks applicable to companies using plastic packaging in India, analyzing how EPR policies can close the gap between current plastic waste management capabilities and environmental targets. The authors discuss regulatory trajectories and the obligation for producers to take accountability for the end-of-life impacts of their plastic packaging.
What Shall We Do With a Sea of Plastics? A Systematic Literature Review on How to Pave the Road Toward a Global Comprehensive Plastic Governance Agreement
A systematic literature review of 64 peer-reviewed articles analyzed what a successful global plastic governance agreement would require, identifying key elements including binding reduction targets, extended producer responsibility, and a lifecycle approach that addresses plastic from production through disposal.
New Aspects of EPR: Extending producer responsibility to additional product groups and challenges throughout the product lifecycle
This paper examines the expansion of Extended Producer Responsibility policies beyond traditional product categories like electronics and packaging to include textiles, construction materials, and plastic products. Researchers evaluate early adopter case studies and assess successes and challenges in applying these policies to new environmental impacts throughout product lifecycles. The study suggests that while EPR shows promise for reducing plastic waste and pollution, careful design is needed when extending it to additional product groups.
Looking for a Chinese solution to global problems: The situation and countermeasures of marine plastic waste and microplastics pollution governance system in China
This study analyzed China's marine plastic waste and microplastic pollution governance system, examining policy frameworks across blue economy development, plastics industry reform, and public health awareness, while proposing countermeasures to curb marine pollution intensification.
Plastic and Microplastic Waste Governance in Vietnam: Analysis of Legal Gaps and Extended Producer Responsibility Mechanism in the Context of International Integration
Researchers analyzed Vietnam's legal framework for plastic and microplastic waste governance, examining gaps in the Extended Producer Responsibility mechanism. The study found that despite recent regulatory progress, significant legal gaps remain in addressing microplastic pollution, and recommends strengthening enforcement and aligning domestic policy with international integration efforts.
Impacts of the Global Plastic Treaty on the Marine Environmental Protection Law of China
This paper analyzes how the Global Plastic Treaty would affect China's Marine Environmental Protection Law, identifying alignment on pollution prevention goals but gaps in extended producer responsibility, full-lifecycle plastic governance, and enforcement mechanisms.
Exploring Plastic-Management Policy in China: Status, Challenges and Policy Insights
Researchers reviewed China's plastic management policies and found that despite being the world's largest plastic producer, existing regulations remain insufficient, recommending strengthened extended producer responsibility and circular economy approaches to control plastic pollution.
Cleaner seas: reducing marine pollution
This review summarized international policy efforts and technological approaches to reducing marine plastic pollution, identifying gaps in enforcement of existing regulations, the need for extended producer responsibility schemes, and the importance of combining upstream plastic reduction with downstream cleanup to meaningfully decrease ocean plastic loads.
Marine litter: how to monitor, reduce and prevent ocean debris. Focus on plastics and microplastics.
This report reviewed the growing problem of plastic pollution in the oceans and the policy landscape for addressing it, emphasizing that production, use, and end-of-life management all require reform. It frames plastic pollution as a systemic challenge requiring coordinated international action rather than single-issue solutions.
Environmental legislation analysis improvement approach of global marine plastic pollution from the perspective of holistic system view
This review analyzes international laws and regulations aimed at preventing marine plastic pollution, from United Nations conventions to individual country legislation. The authors find that current legal frameworks are fragmented and fail to address the full scope of the problem, including microplastics entering human bloodstreams through the food chain. They propose a comprehensive Marine Plastics Convention that emphasizes environmental justice and stricter risk prevention measures.
Enhancing consumption responsibility to address global plastic pollution
This study examined how to enhance consumption responsibility as a strategy to address global plastic pollution, arguing that excessive consumption and unsound disposal drive marine and microplastic contamination and that a new global governance framework is needed to establish individual and collective accountability.
Transforming the Plastic Industry: Global Regulatory Evolution and Sustainability Trends (2018-2024)
Researchers analyzed the evolution of plastic governance frameworks across ten major economies from 2018 to 2024, documenting regulatory milestones including single-use plastic bans and extended producer responsibility schemes and assessing progress toward sustainability goals in the global plastics industry.
Regulation and Management of Marine Litter
This chapter reviews international, regional, and national regulatory instruments designed to address marine litter, identifying gaps in existing frameworks and proposing solutions including stronger source reduction measures, extended producer responsibility, and improved enforcement mechanisms. Researchers highlight that current regulations are fragmented across jurisdictions and largely inadequate to halt the growing accumulation of marine debris.
Sustentabilidade: Materiais Plásticos, O Great Pacific Garbage Patch E Propostas Sustentáveis No Contexto Da Globalização Contemporânea
This Brazilian Portuguese legal and policy review analyzes international and domestic sustainability proposals around plastic pollution, including the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and European single-use plastic regulations. The author argues that no effective global plastic elimination program is possible without coordinated non-state institutional frameworks and enforcement mechanisms.
Extended Producer Responsibility: Successes, Failures, and the Future of Oregon Recycling
This paper reviews Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) programs — policies that make manufacturers responsible for the end-of-life management of their packaging — and analyzes how Oregon is rolling out the first U.S. statewide packaging EPR program. EPR is a key policy tool for reducing plastic waste at the source, cutting down the volume of plastic that eventually fragments into microplastics. The study recommends a single coordinating body and a gradual reporting timeline to improve the program's chances of success.
International Legal Systems in Tackling the Marine Plastic Pollution: A Critical Analysis of UNCLOS and MARPOL
This legal analysis examines how two major international agreements, UNCLOS and MARPOL, address marine plastic pollution and identifies significant gaps in their ability to reduce it. The existing laws lack enforceable requirements for reducing land-based plastic waste and have uneven enforcement of rules for ship-based discharges. The paper proposes strengthening international law to promote a circular economy approach, which matters because marine plastic breaks down into microplastics that enter the seafood supply.
Legal Approaches to Reduce Plastic Marine Pollution: Challenges and Global Governance
This review examined legal approaches to reducing marine plastic pollution and found that while international frameworks like the International Maritime Organization's MARPOL Annex V and regional agreements provide useful foundations, significant governance gaps and enforcement challenges remain in addressing the global scale of marine plastic contamination.