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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Polystyrene nanoplastics modulate the transformation of silver ions in the dark: Key role of environmentally persistent free radicals
ClearPolystyrene microplastics sunlight-induce oxidative dissolution, chemical transformation and toxicity enhancement of silver nanoparticles
Researchers discovered that polystyrene microplastics can induce sunlight-driven oxidative dissolution and chemical transformation of silver nanoparticles, enhancing their toxicity and revealing important implications for how co-occurring pollutants interact in the environment.
Role of polystyrene microplastics in sunlight-mediated transformation of silver in aquatic environments: Mechanisms, kinetics and toxicity
Researchers investigated how UV-aged polystyrene microplastics mediate the transformation of silver in sunlit aquatic environments, finding that reactive oxygen species generated during MP photo-oxidation both reduced and re-oxidized silver, altering its speciation and toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Weathered Microplastics Induce Silver Nanoparticle Formation
Researchers found that weathered polystyrene microplastics can photochemically reduce dissolved silver ions to metallic silver nanoparticles in both freshwater and sand matrices under solar irradiation, revealing a previously unknown mechanism by which microplastics alter the chemical speciation of co-occurring metal contaminants.
Polystyrene nanoplastics mediated the toxicity of silver nanoparticles in zebrafish embryos
Researchers studied how polystyrene nanoplastics interact with silver nanoparticles and affect zebrafish embryo development. They found that nanoplastics can act as carriers for silver nanoparticles in water, and the combination altered patterns of oxidative stress, immune response, and metabolic function compared to either pollutant alone. The study highlights how nanoplastics may change the way other environmental contaminants affect aquatic organisms.
Mechanistic Roles of Microplastics in the Phototransformation of Silver Ions in Aquatic Environments
This study found that polystyrene microplastics mediate the transformation of silver ions into silver nanoparticles (Ag0, Ag2O, Ag2S) under natural and UV light irradiation, acting as reactive surfaces that alter silver speciation and potentially increase its bioavailability in aquatic systems.
Phototransformation and toxicity enhancement of AgCl NPs by polystyrene microplastics under irradiation
This study investigated how polystyrene microplastics affect the phototransformation of silver chloride nanoparticles under sunlight irradiation and whether the interaction enhances toxicity. Results showed that microplastics altered AgCl NP transformation and increased environmental risk under realistic aquatic surface conditions.
Mechanistic Rolesof Microplastics in the Phototransformationof Silver Ions in Aquatic Environments
Researchers investigated the mechanistic role of polystyrene microplastics in the phototransformation of silver ions (Ag+) in aquatic environments, finding that Ag-based nanoparticles ranging from 21.0-177.0 nm formed from Ag+ in the presence of PS microplastics after both natural light and UV irradiation. Using single-particle ICP-MS (sp-ICP-MS), they revealed that microplastics act as a photoreductive substrate that accelerates silver ion conversion to nanoparticles, potentially altering silver toxicity and bioavailability in aquatic systems.
Mechanism of low concentrations of polystyrene microplastics influence the cytotoxicity of Ag ions to Escherichia coli
Low concentrations of polystyrene microplastics had minimal direct toxicity to E. coli but dynamically modulated the toxicity of silver ions, initially protecting bacteria by shielding cell membranes and later intensifying toxicity by promoting reactive oxygen species generation depending on the plastic's surface charge. The study highlights the complexity of predicting combined microplastic and metal toxicity in aquatic ecosystems.
Effect of polystyrene microplastics on the degradation of sulfamethazine: The role of persistent free radicals
Polystyrene microplastics exposed to photoaging generated persistent free radicals on their surfaces, which then accelerated the breakdown of the antibiotic sulfamethazine in surrounding water. The study identifies a previously underappreciated chemical interaction in which aged plastic particles can transform co-occurring pharmaceutical pollutants.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles dissolution and toxicity enhancement by polystyrene microplastics under sunlight irradiation
Researchers found that polystyrene microplastics dramatically increased the sunlight-induced dissolution of zinc oxide nanoparticles, enhancing the release of toxic zinc ions and reactive oxygen species in aquatic environments.
Polystyrene nanoplastics and wastewater displayed antagonistic toxic effects due to the sorption of wastewater micropollutants
Researchers found that polystyrene nanoplastics and wastewater micropollutants had antagonistic toxic effects when combined, because the nanoplastics sorbed positively charged pollutants through electrostatic interactions, reducing their bioavailability to aquatic organisms.
Mitigated toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in combination exposure with copper ions by transformation into copper (I) oxide: Inhibits the oxidative potential of nanoplastics
Researchers investigated how combining polystyrene nanoplastics with copper ions affects toxicity in laboratory and animal models. They found that when copper interacted with the nanoplastics, it transformed into copper oxide, which actually reduced the overall toxicity by inhibiting the oxidative potential of the plastic particles. The study provides evidence that the combined environmental behavior of nanoplastics and metals can produce unexpected toxicological outcomes.
Effects of photochlorination on the physicochemical transformation of polystyrene nanoplastics: Mechanism and environmental fate
Researchers studied how sunlight combined with chlorine in water treatment changes the properties of polystyrene nanoplastics. They found that solar irradiation significantly accelerated the chemical breakdown of the nanoplastics, including surface oxidation and the release of organic compounds. The study reveals that nanoplastics leaving wastewater treatment plants undergo rapid transformation in the environment, which could alter both their fate and toxicity.
UV-induced aggregation of polystyrene nanoplastics: effects of radicals, surface functional groups and electrolyte
UV irradiation was found to increase the aggregation of polystyrene nanoplastics to varying degrees depending on surface functional groups and electrolyte conditions, with free radicals playing a key role. Understanding aggregation behavior is important for predicting how nanoplastics behave and settle in aquatic environments.
Polystyrene microplastics enhance oxidative dissolution but suppress the aquatic acute toxicity of a commercial cadmium yellow pigment under simulated irradiation
Researchers studied how polystyrene microplastics affect the stability and toxicity of cadmium yellow pigment in water exposed to simulated sunlight. They found that the microplastics actually increased the dissolution of the pigment by generating reactive chemical species, but paradoxically reduced its acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. The study reveals that microplastics can alter the environmental behavior of co-existing pollutants in unexpected ways.
Aggregation kinetics of UV irradiated nanoplastics in aquatic environments
Researchers compared the aggregation behavior of fresh versus UV-aged polystyrene nanoplastics under various aquatic conditions. They found that UV aging altered the surface chemistry of nanoplastics, making them more stable in water and less likely to aggregate, which means they could remain suspended and bioavailable for longer periods. The study suggests that weathered nanoplastics may behave very differently from fresh particles in the environment, complicating risk assessments.
Polystyrene microplastics alleviate the developmental toxicity of silver nanoparticles in embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) at the transcriptomic level
In a surprising finding, researchers discovered that when zebrafish embryos were exposed to both silver nanoparticles and polystyrene microplastics together, the microplastics actually reduced the toxic effects of the silver nanoparticles. The study suggests that microplastics may interact with other pollutants in complex ways, sometimes lessening rather than amplifying their harmful impacts on developing organisms.
Effect of salinity and humic acid on the aggregation and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics with different functional groups and charges
Researchers showed that surface charge governs nanoplastic behavior in water — higher salinity caused negatively charged nanoplastics to aggregate while positively charged particles remained stable — and that humic acid (dissolved organic matter) alleviated toxicity to Daphnia, increasing survival from 15% to nearly 100% in some cases.
Aquatic behavior and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastic particles with different functional groups: Complex roles of pH, dissolved organic carbon and divalent cations
Researchers systematically examined how water chemistry — pH, dissolved organic carbon, and divalent calcium and magnesium ions — affects the stability, aggregation, and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics with different surface functional groups, finding that complex solution conditions enhanced aggregation through cation bridging and increased oxidative gut damage in Daphnia magna.
Long-term phototransformation of microplastics under simulated sunlight irradiation in aquatic environments: Roles of reactive oxygen species
Researchers examined the long-term photodegradation of polystyrene microplastics under simulated sunlight in aquatic conditions, finding that reactive oxygen species — particularly hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen — were the primary drivers of surface oxidation and fragmentation into nanoplastics.
Dark Reduction of Hg(II) by Dissolved Organic Matter Derived from Aging Microplastics: Mechanisms and Implications
Researchers discovered that dissolved organic matter released from photoaged microplastics can convert toxic mercury into a less reactive form through dark chemical reactions. The organic matter from aged polystyrene, PVC, and polylactic acid reduced over 30% of mercury within 10 minutes, outperforming natural river organic matter. The findings suggest that as microplastic pollution increases in waterways, it may significantly alter mercury cycling in aquatic environments.
Antagonistic in vivo interaction of polystyrene nanoplastics and silver compounds. A study using Drosophila
Researchers investigated interactions between polystyrene nanoplastics and silver compounds in Drosophila fruit flies, finding an antagonistic relationship where co-exposure reduced the individual toxicity of each contaminant compared to single exposures.
Polystyrene microplastics reduce Cr(VI) and decrease its aquatic toxicity under simulated sunlight
Researchers discovered that polystyrene microplastics can reduce toxic Cr(VI) to less harmful Cr(III) under simulated sunlight, decreasing chromium's aquatic toxicity and revealing an unexpected role of microplastics in contaminant transformation.
Polystyrene nanoplastics enhance the toxicological effects of DDE in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae
Researchers found that polystyrene nanoplastics enhanced the toxicity of the pesticide metabolite DDE in zebrafish larvae, with co-exposure causing greater developmental abnormalities and oxidative stress than either pollutant alone.