Papers

61,005 results
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Systematic Review Tier 1

Environmental fate and effects of mulch films on agricultural soil: A systematic review from application to residual impact

This systematic review examines how plastic mulch films used in agriculture break down over time and release microplastics into farm soil. The films improve crop growth but create lasting environmental damage as plastic fragments accumulate and alter soil properties. The findings underscore the importance of developing truly biodegradable alternatives to protect farmland from microplastic pollution.

2025 Figshare
Article Tier 2

Dataset for: "Long-term biodegradable mulch films application in agricultural fields: effects on soil functionality and microplastic generation"

This is a dataset accompanying a study on the long-term use of biodegradable mulch films in agricultural fields, examining effects on soil function and whether these films generate microplastics over time. The research addresses a critical question for sustainable agriculture: whether biodegradable plastic alternatives to conventional mulch films genuinely reduce microplastic contamination in farmland soils.

2026 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Field test on the biodegradation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) based mulch films in soil

Researchers buried four types of supposedly biodegradable plastic mulch films — used in farming to suppress weeds — in agricultural soil for over two years and found that all four still left behind microplastic fragments. This shows that even biodegradable plastics can accumulate in soil if used repeatedly each growing season.

2020 Polymer Testing 66 citations
Article Tier 2

The long-term uncertainty of biodegradable mulch film residues and associated microplastics pollution on plant-soil health

This study investigated the long-term effects of biodegradable mulch film residues and their associated microplastics on soil health and plant growth. Researchers found that as biodegradable films break down faster than conventional plastics, they may actually generate more microplastics in a shorter timeframe. The results raise concerns that biodegradable mulch films, often promoted as eco-friendly alternatives, could pose their own risks to agricultural soil ecosystems.

2022 Journal of Hazardous Materials 190 citations
Article Tier 2

Dynamics of macroplastics and microplastics formed by biodegradable mulch film in an agricultural field

Researchers tracked the breakdown of biodegradable mulch film in agricultural fields over four years and found that while the material fragmented into smaller pieces, complete degradation did not occur. Both macro- and microplastic fragments from the biodegradable film persisted in the soil throughout the study period. The findings suggest that biodegradable mulch films, promoted as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional plastic, may still contribute to microplastic accumulation in farmland.

2023 The Science of The Total Environment 65 citations
Article Tier 2

Effect of Long-Term Biodegradable Film Mulch on Soil Physicochemical and Microbial Properties

Long-term use of biodegradable mulch film was compared to conventional plastic and no-mulch controls in terms of soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties, with results showing that biodegradable mulch altered soil structure and microbial diversity in ways differing from both conventional plastic and bare soil. The findings raise questions about the cumulative effects of biodegradable plastic residues on agricultural soil health.

2022 Toxics 54 citations
Article Tier 2

Dataset for: "Long-term biodegradable mulch films application in agricultural fields: effects on soil functionality and microplastic generation"

This is a duplicate dataset deposit for the long-term biodegradable mulch film study examining soil functionality and microplastic generation in agricultural fields. The research is relevant to evaluating whether switching from conventional to biodegradable plastic films in farming can genuinely reduce microplastic inputs to soil.

2026 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Systematic Review Tier 1

Environmental fate and effects of mulch films on agricultural soil: A systematic review from application to residual impact

This systematic review traces the full lifecycle of plastic mulch films used in farming, from application to breakdown in soil. While these films boost crop yields, they leave behind persistent residues that fragment into microplastics, potentially contaminating soil and groundwater. The review highlights the need for biodegradable alternatives to reduce long-term microplastic accumulation in agricultural land.

2025 Figshare
Article Tier 2

Agricultural mulch films as soil microplastic contamination factor

This review examines agricultural mulch films as a source of soil microplastic contamination, summarizing evidence on degradation rates, particle accumulation in soil profiles, and impacts on soil properties and biological communities over time.

2024
Article Tier 2

The fate of post-use biodegradable PBAT-based mulch films buried in agricultural soil

Scientists tracked the breakdown of a biodegradable mulch film in farm soil over 16 months and found that while the film lost more than half its surface area, it released microplastics into the surrounding soil during the process. About 17-23% of the original film material was still recoverable from the soil after nearly 500 days. The study shows that even biodegradable plastics can be a source of microplastic contamination in agricultural soils.

2024 The Science of The Total Environment 31 citations
Article Tier 2

Macro and microplastics in agricultural soils after use of conventional and biodegradable plastics

Researchers sampled 38 agricultural fields where different plastic products had been used — conventional polyethylene mulching films, polypropylene weed fabrics, biodegradable PBAT mulching films, frost covers, and oxo-degradable films — analyzing both macro and microplastics in soil at varying size fractions. They found plastic particles from all film types present in soils, with biodegradable and oxo-degradable films producing detectable microplastics, raising concerns about all agricultural plastic categories.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Accumulation and Soil Quality Changes Under Varying Plastic Mulching Durations in the Mediterranean Region

Researchers studied microplastic accumulation in agricultural soils across 15 sites in Türkiye that had used plastic mulching for 5, 10, and 30 years. They found that longer mulching durations led to significantly higher microplastic concentrations, with soil quality declining as plastic particles accumulated. The study suggests that decades of plastic mulch use degrades soil health by altering physical, chemical, and biological properties.

2026 Journal of soil science and plant nutrition
Article Tier 2

Changes in Soil Properties Under the Influence of Microplastics in Plastic and Open Field Production in Three Serbian Valleys

Researchers examined soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in greenhouse and open-field soils across three Serbian valleys to test whether mulch film use leads to microplastic accumulation and soil alteration. Greenhouse soils showed elevated MP concentrations that correlated with changes in chemical and biological parameters, supporting the hypothesis that repeated plastic mulch use degrades soil quality.

2025 Horticulturae 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Macro- and microplastic accumulation in soil after 32 years of plastic film mulching

Researchers quantified plastic accumulation in an agricultural field after 32 continuous years of plastic mulch film use. They found roughly 10 times more macroplastic fragments in fertilized plots than non-fertilized plots, likely because plant roots and stems became entangled with the film making removal difficult. The study found that plastic mulch contributed 33% to 56% of total microplastics detected down to one meter of soil depth, demonstrating substantial long-term accumulation from agricultural plastic use.

2022 Environmental Pollution 402 citations
Article Tier 2

Are biodegradable mulch films a sustainable solution to microplastic mulch film pollution? A biogeochemical perspective

This review asks whether biodegradable mulch films are truly a sustainable alternative to conventional plastic films used in agriculture. Researchers found that biodegradable microplastics may actually accumulate more readily in soil than traditional microplastics because they require specific conditions to fully break down. The study warns that biodegradable films could alter soil carbon and nitrogen cycling, microbial communities, and greenhouse gas emissions in ways not yet fully understood.

2023 Journal of Hazardous Materials 77 citations
Article Tier 2

[Occurrence and Characteristics of Macro/Micro-plastics and Phthalates in Soils Under Different Plastic Film Mulching].

Researchers assessed residual characteristics of macroplastics, microplastics, and phthalate plasticizers in agricultural soils under different plastic film mulching treatments over a three-year field experiment, comparing traditional PE film with three types of biodegradable mulch and a no-mulch control. The study examined whether biodegradable film substitution effectively reduces soil plastic and PAE residual pollution.

2025 PubMed
Article Tier 2

From plastic mulching to microplastic pollution : An effect assessment of microplastics in the soil-plant system

This review assessed how plastic mulching films contribute to agricultural microplastic pollution, finding that biodegradable alternatives rarely fully degrade under field conditions and instead fragment into microplastics, with both LDPE and biodegradable microplastics producing measurable ecological effects in soil-plant systems.

2021 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in agroecosystem – effects of plastic mulch film residues on soil-plant system

This review examines how residues from both conventional polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulch films accumulate in agricultural soils and affect plant growth and soil health. Both types of mulch film residues are found to have negative effects on the soil-plant system, raising questions about the environmental safety of biodegradable plastic alternatives.

2020 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Is mulch film itself the primary source of meso- and microplastics in the mulching cultivated soil? A preliminary field study with econometric methods

A field study examined whether mulch films were the primary source of meso- and microplastics in mulched agricultural soils using econometric methods to compare plastic-mulched and non-mulched fields, finding that while mulch contributed to soil plastic loads, it was not the sole source. The study challenges the assumption that plastic mulch is always the dominant microplastic source in farmed soils.

2022 Environmental Pollution 66 citations
Article Tier 2

Plastic mulching in agriculture. Trading short-term agronomic benefits for long-term soil degradation?

This study examined plastic mulch use in agriculture, arguing that short-term crop benefits come with long-term costs as mulch fragments accumulate in soil as microplastics and disrupt soil structure, biology, and water dynamics.

2016 The Science of The Total Environment 1452 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic incorporation into soil aggregates: Insights from two-year field experiments in European agricultural topsoils

Researchers conducted two-year field experiments in European agricultural topsoils comparing microplastic incorporation into soil aggregates from biodegradable and conventional plastic mulch films, finding that soil properties and MP size and shape influence the degree of occlusion, with aggregate embedment potentially protecting MPs from further degradation.

2025
Article Tier 2

Macro and microplastics in agricultural soils after use of conventional and biodegradable plastics

Researchers sampled 38 agricultural fields where conventional polyethylene mulching films, polypropylene weed fabrics, biodegradable PBAT films, and frost covers had been used, quantifying macro- and microplastic contamination in soils to assess how different agricultural plastic products contribute to soil plastic pollution.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

iMulch: an investigation of the influence of polymers on a terrestrial ecosystem using the example of mulch films used in agriculture

This research project studied how plastic mulch films used in farming break down into microplastics in soil, comparing conventional polyethylene films with biodegradable alternatives. The findings show that both types of mulch release microplastic particles into agricultural soil, though they behave differently in the environment, raising questions about the true sustainability of biodegradable farm plastics.

2025 Environmental Sciences Europe 13 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of long-term conventional and biodegradable film mulching on microplastic abundance, soil structure and organic carbon in a cotton field

Researchers compared microplastic levels in cotton fields after 23 years of plastic film mulching and found that switching to biodegradable film actually produced more total microplastics than continuing with conventional polyethylene film. The biodegradable film broke down into many small particles that also reduced beneficial soil microbes and dissolved organic carbon. This challenges the idea that biodegradable agricultural films are a simple solution to farmland plastic pollution.

2024 Environmental Pollution 36 citations