Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Sub-6 GHz Microwave Sensor Targeting Microplastic Detection

Researchers designed an enhanced sub-6 GHz microwave sensor for low-cost microplastic detection by modifying sensor geometry to better utilize the bandwidth of portable microwave vector network analyzers. Electromagnetic simulations and experimental measurements validated the redesigned sensor, which calibrates resonant frequency as a function of effective permittivity to quantify microplastic concentrations in water.

2025
Article Tier 2

Size and concentration characterization of microplastic particles in aqueous samples using sensitivity-enhanced coupled planar microwave resonators

Researchers developed a novel microwave sensing platform for real-time detection and characterization of microplastic particles in water samples. The sensor uses an enhanced coupled planar microwave resonator design with a low-cost disposable sample holder, enabling rapid, non-destructive measurement of microplastic particle size and concentration without cross-contamination between tests.

2025 Journal of Hazardous Materials 5 citations
Article Tier 2

RF MEMS Resonance Sensor for Measuring Microplastics Concentration

Researchers designed an RF MEMS resonance sensor capable of detecting microplastics in water at low cost, offering a practical alternative to expensive conventional particle analyzers for environmental monitoring.

2022 2022 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Passive Disposable Microwave Sensor for Online Microplastic Contamination Monitoring

Researchers developed a passive disposable microwave sensor for online monitoring of microplastic contamination in water, using a sensitivity-enhanced planar dual-resonator tag-reader structure combined with a silicon resonator to enable non-contact concentration measurement.

2022 2022 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS 2022 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Detection in Soil and Water Using Resonance Microwave Spectroscopy: A Feasibility Study

Researchers conducted a feasibility study using resonance microwave reflectometry to detect and quantify microplastics in soil and water, demonstrating that microplastic concentration could be expressed as a linear function of measured S11 resonance frequency shifts in artificially prepared samples.

2020 IEEE Sensors Journal 61 citations
Article Tier 2

A Fully Integrated Microplastic Detection SoC with 0.1–3 GHz Bandwidth and 35 dB Dynamic Range for Narrow-Band Notch RF MEMS Sensor System

Engineers developed a miniaturized microwave sensor chip that can detect microplastics in water by measuring shifts in resonant frequency as particles pass through a microfluidic channel, achieving a wide bandwidth and high dynamic range in a compact integrated circuit design. This type of on-chip detection system could enable portable, real-time water quality monitoring for microplastic contamination at a fraction of the cost of laboratory methods.

2024 2 citations
Article Tier 2

A Microwave-Based Sensing Platform for Microplastic Detection and Quantification: A Machine Learning-Assisted Approach

Researchers developed a low-cost microwave spiral sensor that can detect and differentiate three common types of microplastic (PTFE, PVC, PET) in water, achieving the highest sensitivity reported for microwave-based approaches and using machine learning to identify unknown polymer types. Affordable, reliable detection tools like this are critical for routine environmental monitoring of microplastic contamination in drinking water and waterways.

2026 IEEE Sensors Journal
Article Tier 2

Microfluidic Microwave Sensor for Rapid Detection of Microplastics in Water: Optimization, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation

Researchers developed a microfluidic sensor that uses microwave technology to rapidly detect microplastics in water samples without physical contact. The sensor was optimized to distinguish between different concentrations and sizes of plastic particles with high sensitivity. The technology could enable faster and more practical on-site monitoring of microplastic contamination in water supplies.

2024 IEEE Sensors Journal 8 citations
Article Tier 2

A Microwave-Based Sensing Platform for Microplastic Detection and Quantification: A Machine Learning-Assisted Approach

Researchers developed a low-cost microwave sensor combined with machine learning to detect and quantify microplastics in water and identify polymer types in unknown samples. The platform achieved the highest sensitivity reported among microwave-based approaches for microplastic detection, offering a promising low-cost alternative to spectroscopy-based methods.

2025
Article Tier 2

Portable Multichannel Measurement System for Real-Time Microplastics Assessment Using Microwave Sensors

Scientists developed a portable multichannel electronic system that uses microwave sensors to detect microplastics in water in real time, capable of simultaneously reading up to four sensors targeting particles of different sizes. The system combines radio-frequency integrated circuits with signal-conditioning hardware for field-deployable monitoring. This kind of low-cost, portable sensing technology could make routine microplastic screening much more practical at waterways and treatment facilities.

2026 Sensors
Article Tier 2

Microplastics detection with microfluidics integrated with a microwave sensor

Researchers developed a microwave sensor integrated with a microfluidic channel for real-time microplastics detection in water, using finite-element simulations to optimize sensitivity and validating performance experimentally. The system achieved a sensitivity of 0.1 dB and detected microplastics as small as 600 micrometers through measurement of reflected signal variations.

2024 Measurement Sensors 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Detection of microplastics by microfluidic microwave sensing: An exploratory study

Researchers developed a compact microwave sensor on a microfluidic chip to detect microplastics in water samples. The system works by measuring how the presence of plastic particles changes the electrical properties of water. While the technology shows promise as a rapid and portable detection method, its current sensitivity needs improvement before it can detect the low microplastic concentrations typically found in natural freshwater.

2024 Sensors and Actuators A Physical 18 citations
Article Tier 2

Based on a size of Microplastics, Multi-Channel Microwave Resonant MEMS Sensor

Researchers designed a multi-channel MEMS sensor that can simultaneously measure the concentration of microplastics and sort them by size using microwave resonance technology. This miniaturized detection approach addresses a key technical challenge in microplastic monitoring — the need for rapid, size-resolved quantification at low concentrations in water.

2023 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Performance Evaluation of Rectangular Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna Under Variable Conditions for Real-Time Microplastic Detection and Classification

This study designed and tested a rectangular slot microstrip patch antenna for real-time microplastic detection in water, finding the antenna could classify microplastic-contaminated samples through changes in electromagnetic resonance properties, offering a low-cost alternative to spectroscopic methods.

2025
Article Tier 2

Microplastics Detection with Microfluidic Near-Field Microwave Sensors

A new microfluidic sensor integrating a microwave detector was developed that can identify microplastics in water in real time without labelling, by measuring how particles change the dielectric properties of the water flowing through the device. This kind of low-cost, continuous-monitoring sensor could make routine environmental surveillance for microplastic contamination more practical.

2024 2 citations
Article Tier 2

SRR-Based Disposable Microwave-Microfluidic Sensor for Assessing Liquid Carrier Influence on Microplastic Detection

Researchers developed a double split-ring resonator microwave-microfluidic sensor that can detect polyethylene microplastics in various liquid carriers (including agricultural water with dissolved salts), minimizing the effect of liquid composition on detection accuracy.

2025
Article Tier 2

Design and Development of an Advanced Sensor Prototype for the Detection of Microplastics

Researchers designed and developed an advanced sensor prototype for detecting microplastics in water, combining spectroscopic and signal processing technologies into a portable device. The prototype demonstrated accurate microplastic identification across multiple polymer types in field conditions.

2024 Preprints.org
Article Tier 2

An RF MEMS Sensor Driver/Readout SoC With Resonant Frequency Shift and Closed-Loop Envelope Regulation for Portable Microplastic Detection

This paper presents a low-cost portable radio frequency (RF) MEMS sensor system operating at 1.1-1.15 GHz for automated microplastic detection, integrating a driver and readout system-on-chip with resonant frequency shift sensing and closed-loop envelope regulation. The device achieved high-precision microplastic identification, offering a field-deployable alternative to laboratory-based spectroscopic methods.

2024 IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Complementary Multisplit Ring Resonant MEMS Sensor With Microfilter for Microplastics Concentration Measurement

Engineers developed a small, low-cost sensor that can detect and measure microplastic concentrations on-site without expensive laboratory equipment, using a microelectromechanical filter to collect particles and a resonant circuit to measure how much accumulates. This kind of portable tool could make routine environmental monitoring of microplastics far more accessible, enabling faster detection of pollution in water sources.

2023 IEEE Sensors Journal 13 citations
Article Tier 2

A Fully Integrated Portable Microplastic Detection System-on-Chip With High-Sensitivity RF MEMS Sensors and Narrow-Band Notch-Tracking Dielectric Discrimination Algorithms

Researchers developed a compact, portable chip that can detect and identify common microplastic types (PE, PP, PET, PS, PMMA) using radio-frequency sensors and signal-tracking algorithms, validating results against real-world samples including laundry wastewater. This kind of low-cost, on-site detection technology is important because existing lab-based methods are expensive and slow, limiting how widely microplastics can be monitored in the environment.

2026 IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
Article Tier 2

Cost-Effective and Wireless Portable Device for Rapid and Sensitive Quantification of Micro/Nanoplastics

Researchers developed a wireless portable device for rapid quantification of micro- and nanoplastics in water samples, offering a field-deployable alternative to laboratory-based analysis for environmental monitoring.

2024 4 citations
Article Tier 2

In-situ Microplastic Detection Sensor based on Cascaded Microring Resonators

Researchers proposed an in-situ microplastic detection sensor using cascaded germanium-on-silicon microring resonators arranged to achieve the Vernier effect, enabling high-sensitivity analysis in near and mid-infrared spectral regions. The compact sensor design aims to replace bulky laboratory equipment for field detection of marine microplastics.

2021 OCEANS 2021: San Diego – Porto 7 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Detection in Water Using a Sensor Network, An Electronic Tongue and Spectroscopy Impedance

Researchers developed an electronic sensor system using impedance spectroscopy to detect microplastics in drinking water without needing expensive laboratory equipment. By running 160 experiments with different water contaminant combinations, they showed that the technique can distinguish microplastic contamination using electrochemical signals and statistical analysis. Affordable, portable detection systems like this are important for monitoring water supplies in regions where lab infrastructure is limited.

2023 1 citations
Article Tier 2

A microwave-based technique as a feasible method to detect plastic pollutants in experimental samples

Researchers developed a non-destructive microwave-based cavity perturbation technique at 2-4 GHz to identify plastic pollutants including polypropylene, LDPE, HDPE, and cross-linked polyethylene, demonstrating that dielectric constant and loss tangent measurements can distinguish polymer types without destroying samples.

2022 Journal of Hazardous Materials 14 citations