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Papers
31 resultsShowing papers from Guru Nanak Dev University
ClearBiodegradation of different types of microplastics: Molecular mechanism and degradation efficiency
This review examines how bacteria, fungi, and algae can break down different types of microplastics through their enzymes, and compares the degradation efficiency of various microbial strains. Understanding these biological breakdown pathways is important because they could be developed into practical solutions for reducing the persistent microplastic pollution that threatens ecosystems and human health.
Tiny Plastics, Massive Consequences: The Environmental and Health Crisis of Micro (Nano) Plastics
Advancing bioremediation: biosurfactants as catalysts for sustainable remediation
This review examines how biosurfactants, natural cleaning agents produced by microorganisms, can help break down stubborn pollutants including microplastics. Unlike synthetic chemicals, biosurfactants are biodegradable and less toxic, making them a greener option for environmental cleanup. The research suggests these biological tools could play an important role in reducing microplastic contamination in soil and water, potentially lowering human exposure over time.
Ecological adaptation of earthworms for coping with plant polyphenols, heavy metals, and microplastics in the soil: A review
This review examines how earthworms cope with and help remediate soil pollutants including heavy metals, microplastics, and plant polyphenols. Researchers describe how earthworms use specialized gut metabolites and elevated antioxidant enzyme activity to neutralize toxic compounds, and can serve as biofilters that accumulate and transform these pollutants. The findings support the wider use of earthworm-based bioremediation as a strategy for restoring contaminated soils.
Enzyme-microplastic interaction induces oxidative stress in earthworm: molecular docking and toxicity study
Researchers exposed earthworms to polypropylene microplastics at varying concentrations and found significant negative effects on body weight, reproduction, and antioxidant enzyme activity at higher doses. Molecular modeling revealed that the microplastics bind near the active site of a key antioxidant enzyme, potentially disrupting its function. The study suggests that microplastic contamination in soil can cause oxidative stress in earthworms, with effects worsening over time and at higher concentrations.
Biological Indices as Markers of the Health of Cirrhinus mrigala under the Stress of Microplastics and Metal Nanoparticles
Researchers examined how low-density polyethylene microplastics and nickel oxide nanoparticles, individually and combined, affect the health of the freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala over 60 days of exposure and 60 days of recovery. They found that combined exposure caused significant declines in body condition, abnormal swimming behavior, excessive mucus secretion, and even tumor formation. The study suggests that the co-presence of microplastics and metal nanoparticles in waterways can have compounding adverse effects on fish health that do not fully resolve after the pollution source is removed.
Microplastic Pollution: An Emerging Threat to Terrestrial Plants and Insights into Its Remediation Strategies
This review highlights the emerging threat of microplastic pollution to terrestrial plants and agroecosystems, summarizing sources, interactions with soil and crops, and potential remediation strategies for safe agricultural practices.
Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Triclosan Induce Cyto-Genotoxicity and Biochemical Alterations in the Hatchlings of Labeo rohita
Researchers found that environmentally relevant concentrations of triclosan induce significant cyto-genotoxic effects and biochemical alterations in Labeo rohita hatchlings, highlighting the increased aquatic contamination risk from widespread antiseptic use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
From In Vivo to In Vitro: An Intriguing Journey of Fish Cell lines
This review traces the development and application of fish cell lines from in vivo to in vitro research, covering their use in vaccine development, toxicological studies, and biotechnology. The study highlights that fish cell lines are increasingly valuable alternatives for assessing the effects of environmental contaminants, including microplastics, on aquatic organisms.
Earthworms Modulate the Toxicity Effect of Low-Density Polyethylene on Plant Development
Biochemical responses, growth and reproduction of earthworm in low density polyethylene (LDPE)
Researchers found that low-density polyethylene microplastics reduced earthworm body weight by up to 28% and significantly decreased cocoon and hatchling production at higher concentrations, with oxidative stress enzyme changes and molecular docking confirming biochemical disruption.
Microplastics in the Environment
Cytogenotoxicity and Hematological Alterations Induced by the Environmentally Relevant Concentration of Low‐Density Polyethylene Microplastics and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles in <scp> <i>Cirrhinus mrigala</i> </scp> (Ham.)
The freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala was exposed for 60 days to low-density polyethylene microplastics and nickel oxide nanoparticles individually and in combination, finding that combined exposure caused the most severe hematological damage and DNA harm, with smaller MP particles being more toxic. The pollutants acted synergistically, and toxicity only partially recovered after a 60-day depuration period.
LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF MICROPLASTICS AMONG GENERATION Z
A mixed-methods survey and interview study found that Generation Z has moderate awareness of microplastics as an environmental issue but limited understanding of specific sources, health effects, and personal mitigation behaviors.
Fate and behaviour of pharmaceutical and personal care products in wastewater
This review covers the fate and behavior of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater treatment systems, examining removal efficiencies, transformation products, and environmental persistence. The authors identify hormones, antibiotics, and UV filters as particularly resistant to conventional treatment and highlight advanced oxidation as a promising removal strategy.
Microplastics and Microbe Interaction on Human and Animal Health
Identification and characterization of extracted microplastics from agricultural soil near industrial area: FTIR and X‐ray diffraction method
Researchers extracted and characterized microplastics from agricultural soil near a plastics manufacturing site, finding a range of polymer types and shapes and demonstrating an effective isolation protocol using density flotation with saturated NaCl.
Current studies on the degradation of microplastics in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem
This review summarizes current studies on microplastic degradation in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, covering physical, chemical, and biological degradation pathways and the fate of breakdown products. The review highlights the persistence of microplastics and the limited progress toward efficient degradation under natural environmental conditions.