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Recycle Botol Plastik Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Menjadi Serat Nilon sebagai Perwujudan Sustainable Development dengan Prinsip Green Chemistry: A Review
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This review systematically examines ten years of research on recycling PET plastic bottles into nylon fibers, concluding that both mechanical and chemical conversion methods are feasible and align with green chemistry principles — particularly waste prevention and energy-efficient design — supporting sustainable development goals.
Karya tulis ilmiah ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran umum dan penjelasan lengkap terkait teknologi tepat guna pemanfaatan limbah botol plastik (PET) yang dapat didaur ulang menjadi serat nilon dari sepuluh tahun terakhir dari berbagai jurnal internasional. Setelah melakukan pencarian pada database bereputasi nasional dan internasional dengan menggunakan pola kunci relevansi (Pola 1: “bottle plastic” “recycling" "fiber"; Pola 2 : “bottle plastic” “nylon fiber” “suistainable development” ; Pola 3: "PET" “nylon fiber" "green chemistry"), dari 20, terdapat 10 artikel yang relevan akan ditinjau secara sistematis. Tujuan sistematisnya adalah menghasilkan tinjauan umum dan pengetahuan mengenai daur ulang limbah botol plastik menjadi serat nilon yang dapat mewujudkan sustainable development dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip green chemistry. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa daur ulang botol plastik (PET) dapat diubah menjadi serat nilon secara mekanis dan kimiawi. Mekanisme pembuatan nilon dari botol plastik bersifat ramah lingkungan yang dapat dijelaskan dengan pengintegrasian green chemistry. Penerapan prinsip green chemistry untuk menjelaskan topik ini yaitu prinsip ke 1 “waste prevention instead of remediation” dan ke 6 “energy efficient by design”. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membuka pengetahuan lebih luas kepada masyarakat umum terkait gambaran umum dan penjelasan lengkap terkait tahapan teknologi tepat guna pemanfaatan limbah botol plastik (PET) yang dapat didaur ulang menjadi serat nilon.
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