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Polystyrene Microplastics-Induced Bone Loss and Cartilage Degeneration Involve Wnt-Dependent MGMT Epigenetic Dysregulation
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Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Bone-Related Protein Expression, Mineralization Capacity, and Mitochondrial Function in Osteoblastlike Cells (MG-63)
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Scientists found that tiny plastic particles (the kind now showing up in human bones) can get absorbed by bone-building cells and disrupt some of the proteins these cells need to properly regulate bone formation. The good news: in this lab study, the plastics didn't actually stop the cells from depositing calcium or affect their energy production, suggesting bone strength itself wasn't compromised, but the findings raise questions about long-term effects of microplastic buildup on bone health that scientists will need to investigate further.
Polystyrene Microplastics Disrupt Anticancer Proteins: An In Silico and In Vitro Study
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Molecular docking and cell culture experiments showed that polystyrene microplastics act as competitive inhibitors of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 — proteins central to anticancer signaling — and bind strongly to complement immune regulators Factor H and Factor I, while also inducing cytotoxicity and apoptosis in colon and breast cancer cell lines. These findings suggest microplastic exposure may interfere with the body's own cancer-suppression and immune regulatory mechanisms at the molecular level.
Polystyrene microplastics induce skeletal muscle atrophy through disruption of anabolic signaling and mitochondrial function
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Researchers exposed muscle cells to polystyrene microplastics and found dose-dependent muscle atrophy driven by suppressed IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR anabolic signaling, elevated oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction—effects comparable to the steroid dexamethasone—suggesting microplastics may be an unrecognized environmental contributor to muscle wasting.
Microplastics, their transcriptional modulation and association with human infectious diseases:a comprehensive review
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This review synthesizes evidence linking microplastic accumulation in mammalian organs to altered gene expression in pathways governing infectious disease, drawing on both mouse and human molecular data. It highlights that microplastics may predispose organisms to infection by disrupting critical immune and regulatory signaling, compounding risks when combined with other environmental toxicants.
Polystyrene microplastics: a threat to renal energy metabolism and tissue morphology in Wistar rats
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Researchers orally exposed male Wistar rats to polystyrene microplastics at three doses over four weeks and found dose-dependent disruption of renal energy metabolism, including impaired glycolysis, suppressed gluconeogenesis, and a metabolic shift toward anaerobic pathways, accompanied by progressive histopathological damage including tubular inflammation and loss of Bowman's capsular space.
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