0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Gut & Microbiome Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Policy & Risk Sign in to save

Assessment of the Risk of Microplastics on Gill and Gut Health and Subsequent Pathogen Susceptibility in the Goldfish Model

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 2025 1 citation ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 53 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Ho Sung Kim, Bohyun Yun, Yongjoon Yoon, Jeong Woo Park, Jimin Hyun, BoMi Ryu, Aaron Yerke, Sungmin Hwang, Ki Hwan Moon

Summary

Researchers assessed how polystyrene microplastics of two sizes affect gill and gut health in goldfish and their subsequent vulnerability to bacterial infection. They found that microplastic exposure caused tissue inflammation, increased immune gene expression, and thickened gill and intestinal structures. Notably, exposure to smaller 0.5-micrometer microplastics significantly reduced fish survival when challenged with a bacterial pathogen, indicating that microplastics can compromise immune defenses in fish.

Polymers
Body Systems

Microplastics are pervasive pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, yet their effects on fish tissues remain insufficiently characterized. Our study investigates the impact of polystyrene microplastics (0.5 and 2 μm) on the gill and intestinal tissues of goldfish (Carassius auratus), with a focus on inflammatory responses and pathogen susceptibility. Following two weeks of exposure, histological and molecular analyses revealed increased filament cartilage thickness in gills, enhanced villus thickness and goblet cell numbers in intestines, and upregulation of immune- and oxidative stress-related genes. Exposure to 0.5 μm microplastics significantly reduced survival after Edwardsiella piscicida infection, indicating increased vulnerability to pathogens. These findings highlight the immunotoxic effects of microplastics and their potential to compromise fish health in contaminated environments.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Size-dependent effects of microplastic on uptake, immune system, related gene expression and histopathology of goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Researchers exposed goldfish to two sizes of polystyrene microplastics at environmentally relevant concentrations for 28 days. The study found that microplastics accumulated in gill, liver, and intestine tissues, causing damage that worsened with smaller particle size and higher doses. The results indicate that microplastics trigger oxidative stress and immune responses in fish, with smaller particles posing greater health risks.

Article Tier 2

Effect of Polystyrene Microplastics on the Antioxidant System and Immune Response in GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus)

Researchers exposed farmed tilapia to polystyrene microplastics of various sizes and found that smaller particles caused more oxidative stress and stronger immune responses. Fish exposed to nanometer-sized plastics showed higher levels of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory markers compared to those exposed to larger particles. The study suggests that the size of microplastics matters significantly when evaluating their impact on fish health.

Article Tier 2

Exposure to microplastics impairs digestive performance, stimulates immune response and induces microbiota dysbiosis in the gut of juvenile guppy (Poecilia reticulata)

Researchers exposed juvenile guppies to polystyrene microplastics at two concentrations for 28 days and examined impacts on their digestive systems. The study found that microplastic exposure impaired digestive enzyme activity, stimulated intestinal immune responses, and disrupted the gut microbiota community, suggesting that microplastics can compromise intestinal health in freshwater fish.

Article Tier 2

Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Behavioural Response and Histopathology of Carassius auratus

Goldfish were exposed to 10 mg/L polystyrene microplastics for 28 days, after which researchers observed significant behavioral changes and histopathological damage in the gills and intestines. The findings suggest that even short-term PS microplastic exposure causes measurable organ damage in freshwater fish.

Article Tier 2

Polystyrene nano/microplastics induce microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative damage, and innate immune disruption in zebrafish

Researchers exposed zebrafish to polystyrene particles of two different sizes and found that both nano- and micro-sized plastics disrupted gut bacteria, caused oxidative damage, and altered immune responses. The severity of effects depended on particle size and concentration, with smaller particles and higher doses causing more harm. The study suggests that plastic particles in waterways may pose a broader threat to fish health than previously understood, affecting digestion, stress defenses, and immunity simultaneously.

Share this paper