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Evaluation of intestinal toxicity of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics using intestinal organoids
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This review examined how micro- and nanoplastics disrupt gut microbiota and immune function across aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, with implications for human health. Because the gut microbiome governs immune regulation and metabolic health, microplastic-induced dysbiosis represents a plausible mechanism by which plastic ingestion could drive systemic inflammation and disease beyond the GI tract.
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Researchers reviewed evidence from cell and animal studies on the toxic effects of micro- and nanoplastics, finding that these particles can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and organ damage in laboratory models, raising concern about what chronic low-level human exposure might mean for long-term health.
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Researchers exposed human intestinal organoid-derived epithelial tissue models with and without M cells to polystyrene micro- and nano-plastics, finding that nano-plastics caused greater disruption of barrier integrity and uptake than micro-plastics, and that M cell-containing models showed enhanced particle translocation compared to standard epithelial models.
Micro-nano Plastics: Impact on Gastrointestinal System
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Researchers reviewed how micro- and nanoplastics affect the gastrointestinal system, finding that ingested plastic particles can disrupt gut lining integrity, alter the gut microbiome, trigger inflammation, and may contribute to digestive disorders — raising concern given that humans ingest microplastics daily through food, water, and air.
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