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Karakter Mikroplastik pada Ikan Pelagis dan Ikan Demersal Ekonomis Penting di Perairan Bitung, Sulawesi Utara
Summary
This Indonesian study characterized microplastics physically and chemically in both pelagic and demersal commercial fish from Bitung waters in North Sulawesi. Researchers compared microplastic characteristics between surface-dwelling and bottom-dwelling fish species to understand exposure differences.
Mikroplastik adalah polutan dengan ukuran <5 mm dan berasosiasi dengan polusi limbah plastik di lingkungan. Laju degradasi mikroplastik dipengaruhi oleh polimer, bentuk, dan ukuran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi karakter mikroplastik secara fisik dan kimia serta membandingkan karakter mikroplastik pada ikan pelagis dan ikan demersal. Untuk mengidentifikasi mikroplastik secara fisik dan kimia menggunakan mikroskop digital, optilab, dan FT-IR. Dari 75 ikan yang terdiri dari 41 ikan pelagis dan 34 ikan demersal ditemukan 753 partikel. Dimana 41 partikel (67%) pada ikan pelagis ditemukan warna hitam (60%), merah (4,24%), hijau (1,06%), biru (0,92%), dan kuning (0,39%) dengan bentuk fiber (66,13%) dan fragmen (0,53%) yang didominasi ukuran 150-500µm (31,29%). Dan 251 partikel mikroplastik (33,3%) pada ikan demersal ditemukan warna hitam (25,49%), merah (13,14%), hijau (1,59%), biru (1,46%),cokelat (0,26%) dan putih (0,13%) dengan bentuk fiber (33,06%) dan fragmen (0,26%) yang didominasi ukuran 1.001-5.000µm (13,18%) ============================================================================ Microplastic is a pollutant <5mm in size and associated with pollution of plastic waste in the environment. The rate of degradation microplastic varies and affected by characteristics of the polymer, shape, and size. The purpose of this research is to identify microplastic based physically and chemically characters and to compare characters of microplastic in pelagic and demersal fish. Identification of microplastics using a digital microscope and FT-IR. From 75 fishes consists of 41 pelagic fishes and 34 demersal fishes, 753 microplastic particles were found. Where 41 microplastic particles (67%) in pelagic fish were found black (60%), red (4,24%), green (1,06%), blue (0,92%), and yellow (0.39% ) in the form of fiber (66,13%) and fragments (0,53%) dominated by sizes 150-500μm (31,29%). And 251 microplastic particles (33.3%) in demersal fish found black (25,49%) then red (13,14%), green (1,59%), blue (1,46%), brown (0,26%) and white (0,13%) in the form of fiber (33,06%) and fragments (0,26%) dominated by sizes 1,001-5,000μm (13,18% ).