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The impact of microplastics on the environment and human health
Summary
This Croatian-language article reviews the global problem of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution, examining their presence across environmental systems and potential impacts on human and ecosystem health. It calls for extensive research to better understand the scale of contamination and inform policy responses.
Mikroplastika (MP) i nanoplastika (NP) postaju sve veći globalni problem zbog njihove velike koncentracije i prisutnosti u svim dijelovima okoliša. Ako se uzme u obzir količina plastičnog otpada u okolišu koja je tolika da će koncentracija MP i NP s vremenom samo rasti te da je nemoguće zaustaviti proizvodnju plastike jer je trenutno i dalje ne zamjenjiv materijal, jasno je koliko je zagađenje okoliša mikroplastikom alarmantan problem. Iz tog razloga nužan je velik broj istraživanja prisutnosti MP u okolišu i njenog utjecaja i na okoliš i na organizme. U ovom seminarskom radu dan je pregled problema MP kroz njenu pojavu u okolišu, prijenosa te utjecaja na organizme s naglaskom utjecaja na čovjekov organizam. Najveći rezervoari MP u okolišu su oceani, slatke vode, sedimenti, tla i zrak. MP ulazi u hranidbeni lanac i trofičkim prijenosom dolazi do čovjeka kao krajnjeg konzumenta. Iako je MP još nedovoljno istražena pokazano je da ima negativne utjecaje na sve organizme pa tako i na čovjeka. Mnogo se zna, ali se još više ne zna te su daljnja istraživanja nužna kako bi se mogla donijeti rješenja, regulative i zakoni.
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