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Fragmentation of nanoplastics driven by plant–microbe rhizosphere interaction during abiotic stress combination
Summary
In rhizosphere experiments, plant-microbe interactions under combined cadmium and nanoplastic stress generated fragmented nanoplastics that were taken up by plant roots, demonstrating that biotic soil processes can alter nanoplastic size and enhance plant exposure.
Plants can take up the fragmented nanoplastics generated by plant–microbe rhizosphere interactions upon combined exposure to cadmium and nanoplastics.
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