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A Selective Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for No-Wash Detection of PVC Microplastic
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Researchers developed a selective ratiometric fluorescent probe for detecting PVC microplastics without sample washing, offering a simpler and faster method than current spectroscopic approaches for identifying this specific polymer type in water.
Microplastics (MP) are micrometric plastic particles present in drinking water, food and the environment that constitute an emerging pollutant and pose a menace to human health. Novel methods for the fast detection of these new contaminants are needed. Fluorescence-based detection exploits the use of specific probes to label the MP particles. This method can be environmentally friendly, low-cost, easily scalable but also very sensitive and specific. Here, we present the synthesis and application of a new probe based on perylene-diimide (PDI), which can be prepared in a few minutes by a one-pot reaction using a conventional microwave oven and can be used for the direct detection of MP in water without any further treatment of the sample. The green fluorescence is strongly quenched in water at neutral pH because of the formation dimers. The ability of the probe to label MP was tested for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The probe showed considerable selectivity to PVC MP, which presented an intense red emission after staining. Interestingly, the fluorescence of the MP after labeling could be detected, under excitation with a blue diode, with a conventional CMOS color camera. Good selectivity was achieved analyzing the red to green fluorescence intensity ratio. UV-Vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence anisotropy, fluorescence wide-field and confocal laser scanning microscopy allowed elucidating the mechanism of the staining in detail.
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Optical measurement technologies for detecting low levels of pollution and identifying microplastics in water
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Selective Recognition and Portable Quantification of PVC Microplastics Using a Water-Soluble AIE Fluorescent Probe
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Scientists created a special glow-in-the-dark dye that lights up specifically when it touches PVC microplastics—a common but concerning type of plastic pollution—in water samples like tap water, lake water, and even seawater. This matters because right now it's hard to quickly identify which type of microplastic is contaminating our water, and this simple test could help researchers track PVC pollution (which can release harmful chemical additives) more easily, without needing complicated lab equipment. While this study focused on detection technology rather than health effects directly, better tools like this are an important step toward understanding and monitoring our exposure to potentially harmful plastics
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