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Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Properties and Plastic Flow Behavior of Cast Multicomponent Alloys Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co20-xCx (x = 0, 1, 3, 5)
Summary
This materials science paper examines how carbon additions affect the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of high-entropy metal alloys at temperatures ranging from near absolute zero to room temperature. The paper addresses metallic plasticity at a microscale level and is unrelated to environmental microplastic pollution.
The paper presents the experimental data on the temperature dependence of mechanical properties and plastic flow behavior of cast alloys Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co20-xCx (x = 0, 1, 3, 5) in the temperature range from 77 to 297 K. In the as-cast state, high-entropy Cantor alloy Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co20 and multicomponent alloy Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co19C1 have an austenitic structure, while carbon doping results in solid solution strengthening of austenitic grains and carbide precipitation at the grain boundaries. The temperature dependence of the yield stress for the Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co19C1 alloy significantly exceeds the σ0.2(T) dependence for the Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co20 alloy. Carbon-assisted solid solution strengthening is accompanied by an increase in flow stress and strain hardening as well as by a decrease in low-temperature plasticity in the Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co19C1 specimens. Alloys Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co17C3 and Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co15C5 have a predominantly austenitic structure with coarse incoherent carbides. The heterophase Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co15C5 alloy is characterized by a decrease in yield stress σ0.2 and its weaker dependence on the temperature as compared to single-phase alloys with lower solid solution strengthening. In addition, the stage of microplasticity is pronounced in stress-strain curves in the low-temperature deformation regime. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the Fe20Cr20Mn20Ni20Co15C5 alloy reveals dislocation slip at this stage of deformation in austenitic regions between carbides. It is shown that the precipitation of coarse incoherent carbides in the austenitic matrix promotes macroscopically and microscopically inhomogeneous plastic flow of the heterophase 3 and 5 at % carbon alloys. Mechanical behavior of such heterophase multicomponent materials is caused by different elastic moduli of carbon austenite and carbides as well as by their different temperature dependences.
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