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Occurrence of microplastics in the food chain and their impact on human health
Original title: Pojavnost mikroplastike u prehrambenom lancu i njen utjecaj na ljudsko zdravlje
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This Croatian-language review examines the occurrence of microplastics throughout the food chain and their potential impacts on human health. It covers the main pathways through which microplastics enter food — including packaging, fishing, and water contamination — and discusses known and uncertain health risks.
Akumulacija mikroplastike (MP) u okolišu i kontaminacija prehrambenih proizvoda ovim zagađivačem postala je globalna prijetnja i okolišu i zdravlju ljudi. Trenutačno, zabrinutost vezana uz prisustvo MP u okolišu uključuje ulogu MP kao izvora i finalnog depoa za otrovne kemikalije i patogene mikroorganizme uz bioakumulaciju i potencijalni ulazak u prehrambeni lanac. Najveći dio potrošnje plastike odnosi se na proizvodnju ambalažnih materijala, uključujući i one koji se primjenjuju u prehrambenoj industriji, a ljudi često pohranjuju, prenose, pripremaju i konzumiraju hranu u plastičnim posudama. Ovaj rad daje pregled spoznaja o pojavnosti MP u prehrambenom lancu i naglašava njenu ulogu kao vektora raznih onečiščujućih tvari i mikroorganizama. Nadalje jedan od ciljeva rada je ukazati na mogući utjecaj oslobađanja MP iz plastičnih ambalažnih materijala u hranu i piće te na potencijalne negativne posljedice po ljudsko zdravlje. Temeljem pregleda recentnih znanstvenih studija proizlazi kako se istraživanja utjecaja MP na prehrambeni lanac, a posebno utjecaja na zdravlje ljudi, trebaju još više intenzivirati i produbiti. Smjernice za ublažavanje njenih potencijalnih negativnih utjecaja uključuju analizu rizika i uvođenje prehrambenih preporuka za visokorizične namirnice s većim udjelom ovog značajnog zagađivača hrane te primjenu alternativnih ambalažnih materijala u pakiranju hrane i pića.
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