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Avoiding Land-based Plastic Pollution, including Microplastics
Original title: Avoiding Land-based Plastic Pollution, including Microplastics
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This Japanese-language policy paper outlines Japan's approach to preventing land-based plastic pollution, including microplastics, in the context of the 2022 UNEA resolution to develop a global plastics treaty. Japan's domestic framework includes monitoring, source identification, biological impact assessments, and the 2022 Plastic Resource Circulation Promotion Act, which addresses plastic across the full lifecycle. The paper emphasizes Japan's role as an advanced nation in waste management and its ongoing commitments to international plastic pollution reduction.
2022 年に開催された第 5 回国連環境総会において，プラスチック汚染を終わらせるための国際合意条約交渉の開始が決定された。 日本は，2019 年 G20 で 「大阪ブルー・オーシャン・ビジョン」 を提唱するとともに，国内では関連法令や政策文書に基づき，マイクロプラスチックを含む海洋プラスチックごみの量・分布の実態把握，発生源の特定，生物・生態系影響評価等の科学的知見の集約，流出量インベントリの検討によって施策の基礎情報の整備を行なっている。また 2022 年に施行されたプラスチック資源循環促進法に基づき設計・製造から排出まで，ライフサイクルを通じた措置を講じるほか，ローカル・ブルー・オーシャン・ビジョン等を通じた地域等の連携強化や，普及啓発取組の促進も行なっている。 マイクロプラスチックを含むプラスチックごみの海洋への流出は喫緊の問題である。今後も 3R や廃棄物の適正処理に率先して取り組んできた課題解決先進国として，プラスチック汚染対策をさらに進めていく。
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