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A Look at the Status of Microplastic Pollution Trends and Possible Solution Frameworks

Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 2018 11 citations

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This Japanese review examines the current status of microplastic pollution trends in marine environments and evaluates possible solution frameworks, including source reduction, improved waste management, and international cooperation. The review emphasizes that preventing single-use plastic consumption must be the central strategy in any effective response.

プラスチックによる海洋汚染は21世紀に入り,マイクロプラスチック問題として新局面を迎えた。汚染は海洋表層水だけでなく,海底堆積物,海洋生態系全体に広がっている。プラスチックに含まれる有害化学物質はプラスチックを摂食した生物に移行していることも確認されている。リモートな海域ではその寄与が大きい可能性が示唆された。海洋環境中でプラスチックが長期間残留し,マイクロ化すると取りのぞくこともできないことから,国際的には予防原則的な対応がとられている。海洋プラスチックの主な汚染源は陸上で大量に消費される使い捨てプラスチックである。エネルギー回収も含めたプラスチックごみの焼却やリサイクルよりも,使い捨てプラスチックの削減が優先的に進めらている。解決策は,持続的で循環型の社会形成の中に位置づけ,温暖化等の環境問題全体の解決と調和させ,物質循環の視点から考える必要がある。

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