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Single and combined effects of polyethylene microplastics and acetochlor on accumulation and intestinal toxicity of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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This study found that polyethylene microplastics significantly increased the toxicity of acetochlor, a common herbicide, in zebrafish. The microplastics boosted the accumulation of the pesticide in fish tissues and worsened intestinal damage including inflammation and disrupted gut barrier function. The findings are important because microplastics and pesticides frequently co-exist in agricultural waterways, and their combination may pose greater risks than either pollutant alone.
The co-exposure of microplastics (MPs) and other contaminants has aroused extensive attention, but the combined impacts of MPs and pesticides remain poorly understood. Acetochlor (ACT), a widely used chloroacetamide herbicide, has raised concerns for its potential bio-adverse effects. This study evaluated the influences of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) for acute toxicity, bioaccumulation, and intestinal toxicity in zebrafish to ACT. We found that PE-MPs significantly enhanced ACT acute toxicity. Also, PE-MPs increased the accumulation of ACT in zebrafish and aggravate the oxidative stress damage of ACT in intestines. Exposure to PE-MPs or/and ACT causes mild damage to the gut tissue of zebrafish and altered gut microbial composition. In terms of gene transcription, ACT exposure triggered a significant increase in inflammatory response-related gene expressions in the intestines, while some pro-inflammatory factors were found to be inhibited by PE-MPs. This study provides a new perspective on the fate of MPs in the environment and on the assessment of the combined effects of MPs and pesticides on organisms.
More Papers Like This
Effects of single and combined exposure of virgin or aged polyethylene microplastics and penthiopyrad on zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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This study found that polyethylene microplastics can increase the toxicity of a common fungicide (penthiopyrad) in zebrafish by helping the chemical build up in their bodies. The combination caused more intestinal damage and disrupted gut bacteria than either pollutant alone. This highlights an important concern: microplastics in the environment can act as carriers for pesticides, potentially amplifying their harmful effects on organisms including those in the human food chain.
Combined toxic effects of polyethylene microplastics and lambda-cyhalothrin on gut of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Researchers found that polyethylene microplastics can adsorb the pesticide lambda-cyhalothrin from water and then release it in the guts of zebrafish, worsening its toxic effects. Fish exposed to both microplastics and the pesticide showed greater oxidative stress, immune disruption, and gut microbiome changes than those exposed to the pesticide alone. This demonstrates how microplastics can act as carriers that amplify the toxicity of other environmental pollutants in aquatic organisms consumed by humans.
Polystyrene microplastics exacerbate acetochlor-induced reproductive toxicity and transgenerational effects in zebrafish
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This zebrafish study found that polystyrene microplastics made the herbicide acetochlor significantly more toxic to the reproductive system, and the damage was passed down to the next generation. The microplastics acted as carriers for the pesticide, increasing its absorption and worsening hormone disruption and fertility problems. This is concerning because both microplastics and agricultural chemicals are commonly found together in waterways, where their combined effects may be greater than previously understood.
Toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics on atrazine in zebrafish: Exogenous toxicity and endogenous mechanism
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Researchers found that combining polystyrene microplastics with the common herbicide atrazine was more toxic to zebrafish than either pollutant alone, causing greater liver and gut damage. The combination also degraded water quality by reducing oxygen levels and increasing harmful nitrogen compounds. This is important because microplastics and pesticides frequently co-exist in the environment, meaning their combined effects on aquatic life and food safety may be worse than studies of individual pollutants suggest.
Combined effects of polyethylene terephthalate and abamectin on enzymatic activity and histopathology response in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Researchers studied the combined effects of PET microplastic fragments and the pesticide abamectin on juvenile zebrafish over 96 hours. They found that microplastics increased the bioavailability and toxicity of the pesticide by inhibiting protective enzymes in the fish, and the combination caused tissue damage in the liver and kidney. The study highlights that microplastics can act as carriers for other environmental contaminants, amplifying their harmful effects on aquatic life.
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