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Micro y nanoplásticos: los que no salen en la foto
Summary
This Spanish-language popular science article explains the difference between visible plastic litter and the invisible micro- and nanoplastics that have permeated virtually every environment on Earth, including the human body. It emphasizes that the plastic pollution problem extends far beyond what appears in photographs of ocean garbage patches, affecting ecosystems and human health in ways the public is largely unaware of.
Antes de que nos pusieran esas imágenes de plásticos en basureros y mares, o saliendo de la nariz de una tortuga en forma de popote, la humanidad pensaba y sentía que los plásticos eran el “material por excelencia”: baratos de producir, resistentes, ligeros y versátiles. La palabra plástico viene del griego plastikos, que significa “que se puede moldear”. Por eso se pueden hacer objetos de distintas formas y por lo mismo se utilizan para todo. Ser barato y duradero tiene sus consecuencias, porque se pueden hacer muchos plásticos a bajo costo que persisten mucho tiempo y esto, a su vez, produce una enorme contaminación plástica en el mundo. En general, la idea hoy es tratar de usar menos plástico, para que las montañas de basura plástica (que también están en los mares) vayan disminuyendo. Lo sabemos y somos conscientes de ello. El problema ahora es con los plásticos que no salen en la foto, que no se ven y que no sabemos el daño que pueden hacer.
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