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Discriminação De Solos Coletados Em Cena De Crime Simulada
Summary
This forensic science study tested whether soil samples from different locations in southern Brazil could be distinguished using electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. All techniques successfully differentiated soils by origin, supporting their use as forensic evidence.
Os vestígios do solo são importantes como evidência forense devido ao seu potencial de aderir e transferir em diversos tipos de superfícies de diversos objetos e até mesmo pessoas. Para investigar a potencialidade de técnicas analíticas na discriminação de diferentes solos em Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Sul do Brasil. Foram realizadas cinco coletas, conforme orientações do Procedimento Operacional Padrão para Coleta de Solos em Locais de Crime, em quatro diferentes locais do município, respeitando os pontos cardeais para abrangê-los de forma representativa de acordo com o tipo de solo, e sob uma perspectiva de crimes simulados nesses locais. Foram utilizadas técnicas analíticas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de raios-X por energia dispersiva (EDS) e espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier tradicional e micro (FTIR µ-FTIR, respectivamente). As análises foram efetuadas às cegas para que não houvesse nenhuma interferência nos resultados finais. Como conclusão das análises e comparação do solo, os resultados suportam a origem do solo em cada uma das áreas coletadas, tornando assim as metodologias empregadas no artigo como úteis e potenciais suportes para a ciência forense.
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