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Does water column stratification influence the vertical distribution of microplastics?

Environmental Pollution 2023 33 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Lucian Iordachescu, Rodrigo Almeda Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Rodrigo Almeda Lucian Iordachescu, Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Claudia Lorenz, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Kuddithamby Gunaalan, Rodrigo Almeda Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Claudia Lorenz, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Lucian Iordachescu, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Rodrigo Almeda Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Lucian Iordachescu, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Lucian Iordachescu, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Lucian Iordachescu, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Lucian Iordachescu, Alvise Vianello, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Rodrigo Almeda Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Lucian Iordachescu, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Lucian Iordachescu, Rodrigo Almeda Lucian Iordachescu, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Rodrigo Almeda Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Jes Vollertsen, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Jes Vollertsen, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Jes Vollertsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Konstantinos Papacharalampos, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Claudia Lorenz, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Alvise Vianello, Rodrigo Almeda Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Torkel Gissel Nielsen, Claudia Lorenz, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Alvise Vianello, Alvise Vianello, Jes Vollertsen, Jes Vollertsen, Rodrigo Almeda

Summary

Researchers investigated whether water column stratification affects the vertical distribution of microplastics in the Kattegat and Skagerrak seas near Denmark. They found that microplastic concentrations were significantly higher below the pycnocline, the boundary layer between water masses of different densities. The study suggests that density-driven stratification acts as a barrier that traps microplastics in deeper water layers, which has important implications for understanding marine pollution distribution.

Polymers

PE PP PS

Microplastic pollution has been confirmed in all marine compartments. However, information on the sub-surface microplastics (MPs) abundance is still limited. The vertical distribution of MPs can be influenced by water column stratification due to water masses of contrasting density. In this study, we investigated the vertical distribution of MPs in relation to the water column structure at nine sites in the Kattegat/Skagerrak (Denmark) in October 2020.A CTD was used to determine the stratification and pycnocline depth before sampling. Plastic-free pump-filter sampling devices were used to collect MPs from water samples (1-3 m) at different depths. MPs concentration (MPs m) ranged from 18 to 87 MP m (Median: 40 MP m; n = 9) in surface waters. In the mid waters, concentrations ranged from 16 to 157 MP m (Median: 31 MP m; n = 6), while at deeper depths, concentrations ranged from 13 to 95 MP m (Median: 34 MP m; n = 9). There was no significant difference in the concentration of MPs between depths. Regardless of the depth, polyester (47%), polypropylene (24%), polyethylene (10%), and polystyrene (9%) were the dominating polymers. Approximately 94% of the MPs fell within the size range of 11-300 μm across all depths. High-density polymers accounted for 68% of the MPs, while low-density polymers accounted for 32% at all depths. Overall, our results show that MPs are ubiquitous in the water column from surface to deep waters; we did not find any impact of water density on the depth distribution of MPs despite the strong water stratification in the Kattegat/Skagerrak.

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