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Function-led design of porous organic materials for water treatment
Summary
This review covers porous organic polymers (POPs) as advanced adsorbent materials for removing pollutants from water, including dyes, heavy metals, and microplastics. Their tunable pore structure and high surface area make them promising candidates for next-generation water treatment technologies.
Porous organic polymers (POPs) have received substantial research attention in the last two decades owing to their modular functionality, tailorable pore size, excellent hydrothermal stability, and high specific surface area. Thus, POPs have emerged as potential adsorbent materials for efficiently removing diverse classes of contaminants ranging from organic micropollutants to heavy metal ions from water. Incorporating guest-responsive supramolecular cavitands and cages into the porous polymers enhances their activity and facilitates the selective scavenging of organic micropollutants from water. On the contrary, crystalline covalent organic framework-based thin films/membranes with precise one-dimensional nanochannels are highly suitable for nanofiltration-based water treatment for the size-selective removal of organic micropollutants and metal salts. In this chapter, we focus our discussion on the various types of emerging amorphous and crystalline POPs for wastewater treatment. Additionally, we will discuss the challenges related to the processability of the materials as well as shed light on some of the future avenues of POPs for the removal of emerging persistent micropollutants from water.
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