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Preparation and Modification of New Functional Materials for Organic Pollutant Elimination
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This review examines the design and modification of advanced functional materials for eliminating organic pollutants from water, covering biomass-derived polymers, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and other biocompatible materials developed to address emerging contaminants including PFAS, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics.
Pollution is one of the big issues that modern society must face and, nowadays, water remediation represents a complex challenge due to the presence of a large variety of pollutants. For instance, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, pharmaceuticals, or other biologically active compounds, and microplastics are recognized as new emerging pollutants. Struggling to find solutions for this problem, researchers have designed several advanced materials paying attention to the biocompatibility of the new materials. Organic materials such as biomass derived polymers, metal and covalent organic frameworks, carbon nanomaterials (graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes) and hybrid materials have been recently synthesized or properly functionalized for pollutant removal. An overview on recent advances that took place in the last five years on the development of new hybrid or organic materials for pollutant removal is reported here. Synthetic strategies applied to obtain these materials as well as a description of the features of the materials that affect their efficiency in the removal process are discussed.
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Synthesis, characterization, and activation of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) for the removal of emerging organic contaminants through the adsorption-oriented process: A review
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This review examines metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of advanced materials, for removing emerging contaminants from water, including microplastics, dyes, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. MOFs have extremely high surface areas and can be chemically tuned to target specific pollutants, making them promising for next-generation water treatment. The technology could help reduce human exposure to microplastics and other harmful substances in drinking water.
Metal–organic framework applications for microplastic remediation: exploring pathways and future potential
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This review examines how metal-organic frameworks (specialized porous materials) can be used to capture and remove microplastics from water. Microplastics are emerging contaminants that threaten aquatic ecosystems and human health. The paper explores different remediation pathways and the future potential of these advanced materials for cleaning up microplastic pollution.
Efficiency ofMOFs in Water Treatment Against the Emerging Water Contaminants Such as Endocrine Disruptors, Pharmaceuticals, Microplastics, Pesticides, and Other Contaminants
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This review examines how metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can remove a broad range of emerging water contaminants — including microplastics, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and endocrine disruptors — from water. MOFs outperform conventional treatment methods because of their large surface area, tunable pore structure, and ability to work through both adsorption and photocatalysis. The paper highlights MOFs as a promising next-generation water treatment technology that could meaningfully reduce human and environmental exposure to microplastics and co-occurring pollutants.
Alginate- and chitosan-based metal–organic framework biocomposites for adsorptive removal of heavy metals, dyes, and emerging contaminants: a comprehensive review
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Our drinking water can contain a mix of harmful substances, heavy metals, dyes, drug residues, and even microplastics and "forever chemicals" (PFAS), that standard water treatment often fails to fully remove. This review rounds up recent research on a promising cleanup method: combining sponge-like materials called metal-organic frameworks with natural substances from seaweed and shellfish shells to create sturdier, more effective filters for trapping these pollutants. While this technology is still being refined for real-world use, it points toward more affordable and sustainable ways to make water safer to drink in the future.
Design Principles and Prospects of Advanced Materials for Water Pollution Control
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Researchers reviewed material-enabled water treatment strategies — spanning semiconductor photocatalysts, metal-organic frameworks, and stimuli-responsive composites — that address dilute or recalcitrant pollutants including microplastics, mapping how band structure engineering, surface functionalization, and hybrid architectures improve removal efficiency while identifying scalability and ecotoxicity as key barriers to real-world deployment.
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