Polystyrene Nanoplastics Significantly Facilitate Largemouth Bass Ranavirus Infection of Host Cells

Polystyrene nanoplastics significantly facilitate largemouth bass ranavirus infection of host cells

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Researchers showed that polystyrene nanoplastics synergize with Largemouth bass ranavirus in fish cells, accelerating viral replication, amplifying oxidative stress and inflammation, and suppressing the cGAS-STING antiviral immune pathway — suggesting nanoplastics may worsen infectious disease outcomes in freshwater fish.

Nanoplastics Increase Fish Susceptibility to Nodavirus Infection and Reduce Antiviral Immune Responses

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Researchers found that polystyrene nanoplastics increased fish susceptibility to nervous necrosis virus by boosting viral replication and suppressing antiviral immune responses, both in brain cell cultures and in live European sea bass.

Gauging the effects of a chronic exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics in the liver and intestine of Carassius auratus

Physiological Alterations and Immune Modulation in Fish Exposed to Microplastics

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Researchers reviewed the physiological and immunological effects of microplastic exposure in fish, finding that these particles smaller than 5 mm induce a range of biological disruptions including immune modulation, oxidative stress, and systemic health impacts with broader implications for aquatic ecosystem integrity.

Microplastic as a Pathogenic Vector to Cause Diseases in Marine Biota

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Researchers examining microplastics as pathogenic vectors in marine environments found that these particles adsorb and concentrate pollutants and pathogens, facilitating their transfer through food chains and causing ecological harm to marine biota, terrestrial life, and ultimately humans.