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Bridging systems biology and tissue engineering: Unleashing the full potential of complex 3D in vitro tissue models of disease
Summary
This review discusses how advanced three-dimensional tissue models grown in the laboratory could be combined with computational systems biology approaches to better study human diseases. Researchers argue that current analysis methods do not fully capture the complexity these tissue models offer, and that mathematical modeling could unlock deeper insights. The study outlines a framework for integrating these two fields to improve drug development and understanding of disease mechanisms.
Rapid advances in tissue engineering have resulted in more complex and physiologically relevant 3D in vitro tissue models with applications in fundamental biology and therapeutic development. However, the complexity provided by these models is often not leveraged fully due to the reductionist methods used to analyze them. Computational and mathematical models developed in the field of systems biology can address this issue. Yet, traditional systems biology has been mostly applied to simpler in vitro models with little physiological relevance and limited cellular complexity. Therefore, integrating these two inherently interdisciplinary fields can result in new insights and move both disciplines forward. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of how systems biology has been integrated with 3D in vitro tissue models and discuss key application areas where the synergies between both fields have led to important advances with potential translational impact. We then outline key directions for future research and discuss a framework for further integration between fields.
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