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Spatial and temporal trends of microplastic contamination in surface sediment of Benoa Bay: An urban estuary in Bali-Indonesia
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Researchers examined microplastic contamination in sediments of Benoa Bay, an urban estuary in Bali, Indonesia, across rainy and dry seasons. The study found concentrations ranging from 9.51 to 90.60 particles per kilogram, with the highest levels near a landfill site, and polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene were the most commonly identified polymers.
This study aims to explore microplastic contamination in the sediments of Benoa Bay. Eight locations were sampled, with four duplications denoting the rainy and dry seasons. Based on observations, the microplastic concentration varied from 9.51 to 90.60 particles/kg with an average of 31.08 ± 21.53 particles/kg. The area near the landfill had the highest abundance, while the inlet and center of Benoa Bay and the Sama River had the lowest concentration. The fragments (52.2 %) and large microplastic sizes (64.7 %) were the most documented particles. We also identified 17 polymers, which dominated (37.5 %) by polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. There were no appreciable variations in abundance between seasons, although there were substantial variations in shape and size. Comprehensive investigation, adequate policies, continuous monitoring, and reducing waste from land- and sea-based sources that engage various stakeholders must be implemented urgently to prevent the release of microplastic into the aquatic ecosystem.
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