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Single and combined toxicity of tadalafil (Cilais) and microplastic in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus)

Scientific Reports 2024 9 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 55 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Mahmoud S. Sabra, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Shaimaa K. A. Idriss, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed Alaa El‐Din H. Sayed

Summary

Researchers studied the combined effects of tadalafil (a pharmaceutical residue) and polyethylene microplastics on tilapia fish over 15 days. They found that the combination caused more severe damage than either pollutant alone, including impaired blood cell counts, increased oxidative stress, and tissue damage in the liver and kidneys. The study highlights that when pharmaceutical residues and microplastics co-occur in waterways, their combined toxic effects on aquatic life can be greater than expected.

Polymers

Body Systems

Hepatic Immune Renal

Models

Fish other

The joint impact of tadalafil (Cilais) as a pharmaceutical residue and microplastics on fish is not well comprehended. The current study examined haematological, biochemical, and antioxidant parameters, along with immunohistochemical and histological indications in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after being exposed to tadalafil, polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs), and their mixtures for 15 days. The fish were distributed into 1st group control group (The fish was maintained in untreated water without any supplements); 2nd group exposed to 10 mg/L PE-MPs;3rd group exposed to 20 mg/l tadalafil (Cilais); 4th group exposed to 20 mg/l tadalafil (Cilais) + 10 mg/LPE-MPs (in triplicate). The levels of creatinine, uric acid, glucose, AST, ALT, and albumin in fish treated with tadalafil alone or in combination with PE-MPs were significantly higher than those in the control group. Fish exposed to PE-MPs, tadalafil, and tadalafil plus PE-MPs showed significantly lower levels of RBCs, Hb, Ht, neutrophils, and lymphocytes compared to the control group. Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione (GSH) were notably lowered in fish groups subjected to PE-MPs, tadalafil, and tadalafil + PE-MPs combinations in comparison to the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) serum levels were notably elevated in fish groups subjected to PE-MPs, tadalafil, and tadalafil + PE-MPs combinations compared to the control group. The most severe impact was observed in the tadalafil + PE-MPs combination group. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly increased in liver tissues following exposure to both tadalafil and microplastics compared to tissues exposed to only one substance or the control group. Changes in the gills, liver, and renal tissues were seen following exposure to PE-MPs, tadalafil, and tadalafil + PE-MPs combination in comparison to the control group of fish. Ultimately, the mixture of tadalafil and PE-MPs resulted in the most detrimental outcomes. Tadalafil and PE-MPs exhibited showed greater adverse effects, likely due to tadalafil being absorbed onto PE-MPs.

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