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Into the Multiverse: Analysis of microplastic leachates using comprehensive multi-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2024 Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Lucy Howarth-Forster, Lucy Howarth-Forster, Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Lucy Howarth-Forster, Lucy Howarth-Forster, Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Lucy Howarth-Forster, Lucy Howarth-Forster, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Lucy Howarth-Forster, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Lucy Howarth-Forster, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Lee J. Durndell, Lee J. Durndell, Lisbet So̷rensen, Lisbet So̷rensen, Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Lisbet So̷rensen, Lisbet So̷rensen, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Lee J. Durndell, Matthew Cole Lee J. Durndell, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Susan Ferrier, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Susan Ferrier, Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Lee J. Durndell, Susan Ferrier, Susan Ferrier, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Lisbet So̷rensen, Lisbet So̷rensen, Lisbet So̷rensen, Lisbet So̷rensen, Lee J. Durndell, Richard C. Thompson, Michael Wilde, Michael Wilde, Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Richard C. Thompson, Richard C. Thompson, Matthew Cole Matthew Cole Matthew Cole

Summary

Researchers used comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography to analyze the complex mixture of chemical compounds leaching from microplastics in marine environments, addressing the challenge that hundreds of leachable chemicals make full characterization difficult. The multiverse analytical approach substantially expanded the number of identified leachable chemicals, revealing the chemical complexity of microplastic contamination in seawater.

Polymers

LDPE PE PET PLA PP PVC

Study Type Environmental

Plastic and microplastics in the marine environment can leach chemical compounds. Many such chemicals may incite toxicity in exposed organisms. The identification and assessment of plastic-associated chemicals released into the marine environment is a growing area of research. However, a large number of chemical compounds in microplastic leachates remain unidentified, meaning a suite of toxic compounds may be overlooked. Herein, we present the development of a novel method for the analysis of marine microplastic leachate using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS). The use of multi-dimensional chromatography provides greater separation capacity over traditional one-dimensional techniques, therefore aiding in the identification of multiple, and potentially previously unidentified, compounds within complex leachate samples. To our knowledge, this is the first use of this technique for the analysis of microplastic leaching under marine conditions. Method development was performed using virgin samples of conventional polymers (low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) and bio-polymers (polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)). First, organic extracts were analysed by one-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and subsequently by GCxGC-MS. The organic extract analysis enabled a comprehensive determination of chemical composition in samples and optimisation of the chromatographic parameters. Next, leachates were prepared in simulated marine conditions, for example in filtered seawater at ambient temperatures. Different pre-concentration methods were trialled including solid-phase extraction of aqueous leachate samples as well as online headspace solid phase micro-extraction and direct immersion. The method affords the identification of chemicals of potential concern associated with microplastics in the environment, which can be used to inform ecotoxicological studies and environmental monitoring. Also see: https://micro2024.sciencesconf.org/559469/document

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