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Biodistribution of europium-doped polystyrene nanoplastics in a model invertebrate organism

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Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Valentina Perc, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Sara Novak, Sara Novak, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Sara Novak, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Sara Novak, Sara Novak, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Valentina Perc, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Saje Špela, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Gregor Marolt, Gregor Marolt, Gregor Marolt, Gregor Marolt, Gregor Marolt, Gregor Marolt, Saje Špela, Saje Špela, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Saje Špela, Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Saje Špela, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Gregor Marolt, Valentina Perc, Sara Novak, Damjana Drobne Gregor Marolt, Matej Hočevar, Gregor Marolt, Andraž Dolar, Gregor Marolt, Matej Hočevar, Matej Hočevar, Matej Hočevar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Saje Špela, Sara Novak, Saje Špela, Damjana Drobne Andraž Dolar, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Andraž Dolar, Saje Špela, Andraž Dolar, Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Andraž Dolar, Damjana Drobne Sara Novak, Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Valentina Perc, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Gregor Marolt, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Gregor Marolt, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Gregor Marolt, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Andraž Dolar, Gregor Marolt, Damjana Drobne Gregor Marolt, Gregor Marolt, Andraž Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Andraž Dolar, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Matej Hočevar, Matej Hočevar, Matej Hočevar, Matej Hočevar, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Sara Novak, Sara Novak, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Sara Novak, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Sara Novak, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Valentina Perc, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Andraž Dolar, Andraž Dolar, Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne Damjana Drobne

Summary

This study used europium-doped polystyrene nanoplastics tracked by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to map biodistribution of plastic nanoparticles in a model invertebrate organism. The labeled tracer approach enabled precise organ-level mapping of nanoplastic distribution, revealing where plastic nanoparticles accumulate after exposure.

Polymers

Body Systems

Digestive

Tracking unlabelled nanoplastic particles in biological matrices is an analytical challenge due to the chemical similarity between the particles and the surrounding biological material. For biodistribution studies, plastic particles need to be labelled. One of the techniques for tracking metal labelled particles in organisms is laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The aim of our study was imaging of Eu-doped polystyrene nanoplastics (EuPSs) biodistribution in isopod Porcellio scaber. Organisms were exposed to EuPSs via food. Water suspension of EuPSs (10 µg Eu/g dry leaf) was applied onto the hazelnut leaves surface, and fed to isopods for 14 days. EuCl3 was tested (10 and 100 µg Eu/g dry leaf) for comparison of biodistrubution of Eu in case of ionic form with exposure to particles. Morphology of the applied EuPSs on dry leaves as well exposed animals were inspected with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For LA-ICP-MS, paraffin cross sections of animals were prepared. With SEM we were able to identify EuPSs in the lumen of gut based on their morphological characteristic. Elemental maps obtained by LA-ICP-MS revealed high signal of Eu in the area of the gut and lower in digestive glands. After detailed analysis of selected area of animal exposed to EuPSs, we confirmed that Eu was present only in the lumen of gut and glands and not in the epithelial cells of glands. The results indicate the potential assimilation of Eu from EuPSs, most probably due to dissolution in the digestive tract of the organism or potentially some particles entered the lumen of the glands. Acknowledgements. Horizon 2020 PAPILLONS (101000210), PlasticsFatE (965367), Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (J1-50014; J1-2482, P1-0184, P1-0153), Infrastructural Centre for Microscopy of Biological samples (I0-0022-0481-08) at Biotechnical faculty, UL. Also see: https://micro2024.sciencesconf.org/559698/document

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