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An Investigation on Microplastics at Wastewater Confluence Points in the Southern Coastal Regions of Tamil Nadu, India
Summary
A survey of 16 wastewater samples at mixing points near Tamil Nadu's southern coast found microplastic concentrations between 20 and 51 particles per liter, with polyethylene being the dominant polymer type at 45%. Fibers were the most common shape, pointing to domestic textile waste as a key source alongside industrial discharge. The study highlights wastewater effluent as a major pathway delivering microplastics into coastal marine ecosystems.
This study investigates microplastic prevalence in wastewater mixing point from major coastal cities in Tamil Nadu, India, highlighting a significant environmental challenge. In January 2023, 16 wastewater samples revealed microplastics (< 5 mm) ranging from 20 to 51 items per litre. Predominant colours were pink, black, brown, white, green, blue, red, and yellow, with orange being the least common. Microplastic sizes mostly varied from 0.05 to 0.5 mm. Fiber shaped MPs are the predominant, followed by fragments, foam, film and pellets. Predominant polymer types were polyethylene (45%), polystyrene (18%), and polypropylene (15%). These results emphasize wastewater's significant role in introducing microplastics into coastal ecosystems from domestic and industrial sources. Addressing this issue requires effective management plans, including advanced wastewater treatment, public awareness campaigns and regulatory measures. Further research is essential to comprehensively assess ecological impacts and inform sustainable management strategies.