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RSC Sustainability 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a scalable continuous low-pressure hydrothermal processing method to convert polystyrene plastic waste into valuable monomers, operating without catalysts, producing less char than pyrolysis, and requiring substantially lower pressures than supercritical methods.

Polymers

Continuous low-pressure hydrothermal processing methods for polystyrene conversion to oilsExponential growth in the use of plastics since the 1950s has generated over 7 billion tons of waste in the landfi lls and oceans that degrades slowly, releasing microplastics and thousands of chemicals harmful to life and ecosystems.This study presents a scalable, continuous low-pressure hydrothermal processing (LP-HTP) method to convert one of the plastics, polystyrene, into valuable monomers-requiring no catalysts, producing less char than pyrolysis, operating at 220 times lower pressure than supercritical water liquefaction, and generating 95% lower green-house-gas emissions than incineration.The method has the potential to support a sustainable circular hydrocarbon economy.

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