Characterization of marine litter in the vicinity of the Machu Picchu Scientific Base, King George Island, Antarctica

In the present study, marine litter in the vicinity of the Machu Picchu Scientific Base, Antarctica, was quantified and characterized. A total of 33 items were counted, primarily composed of plastic debris and foams, followed by metallic structures. A high abundance of marine litter was associated with the proximity to the scientific base. Common plastic polymers were identified by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, including polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, acrylates, and polystyrene. The abundance of synthetic polymer materials could potentially release toxic chemicals and microplastics into the environment. We suspect that permanent and seasonal Antarctic bases' maintenance and operation release large amounts of structural waste to their surroundings and lack proper solid waste management. For this reason, enforcing solid waste management systems and internal regulations is necessary to follow the guidelines of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty.