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The Microplastic–biofilm–resistome Nexus: the Role of Environmental Microplastics in the Formation and Dissemination of Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria and the Potential Consequences for Human Health

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2026
Mardanov Botirbek Akmalovich, Rasulov Shomurod Makhmudovich

Summary

Tiny plastic particles floating in water and soil aren't just pollution, they can act like rafts where bacteria cluster together and swap genes that help them resist antibiotics. This review pulls together existing research suggesting that these plastic-bacteria communities could be a hidden pathway for drug-resistant "superbugs" to spread through the environment and potentially reach humans. While more research is needed to confirm the real-world health risk, it's a reminder that plastic pollution may have ripple effects beyond what we can see.

Microplastics (MPs), defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, are increasingly recognized not only as persistent environmental contaminants but also as biologically active surfaces capable of supporting dense microbial biofilms known as the plastisphere. The convergence of microplastic surfaces, biofilm development and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) constitutes a potentially important environmental pathway for the persistence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.

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