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Microplastic Pollution in Indonesian Waters: Characteristics, Ecological Impacts, and Mitigation Strategies
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This review pulls together existing research showing that Indonesia's waters—especially near crowded cities like Jakarta—are heavily polluted with tiny plastic particles called microplastics, mostly in the form of fragments, fibers, and foam. These particles are harming fish and shellfish by damaging their digestive systems and lowering their nutritional value, which matters for humans since many of us eat seafood from these same waters. The good news: the researchers highlight practical fixes like cutting single-use plastics, upgrading wastewater treatment, and better waste management that could reduce this contamination.
Microplastic pollution in waters poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the variations in microplastic types based on shape and polymer, abundance, impacts on aquatic biota, and solutions through literature reviews from various sources. The results indicate that microplastic pollution has spread widely from western to eastern Indonesia. The highest abundance was found in areas with high population density and anthropogenic activity, such as Banten Bay, Jakarta Bay, and the South Coast of Java. Microplastic forms are dominated by fragments, fibers, films, and foams. Polymer identification shows a dominance of PP and PE as well as specific industrial polymers. The impact of contamination occurs on various biota, from fish to invertebrates, causing decreased nutritional quality, digestive damage, and metabolic disorders. Mitigation includes reducing single-use plastics, improving waste management, Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) technology, bioremediation, as well as the role of the community and government policies.
More Papers Like This
Scoping Review on Microplastic Pollution in Aquatic Species Across Indonesian Waters
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This review of 13 studies found that tiny plastic particles called microplastics are widespread in fish, shellfish, and other sea creatures that people eat from Indonesian waters. The plastic contamination was especially high in filter-feeding animals like clams and in species living near polluted areas. This is concerning because it means people in Indonesia may be eating seafood contaminated with plastic particles, though more research is needed to understand the health risks.
Human Health Risk from Microplastic Contamination in Indonesian Waters Viewed from Distribution, Ecotoxicological Effects and Mitigation Strategies
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Indonesia has some of the highest microplastic pollution in its waters worldwide, and this review of 42 studies finds these tiny plastic particles are showing up in the fish people eat—causing DNA damage and organ harm in the fish themselves, while also carrying toxic heavy metals along for the ride. Even more concerning, microplastics have been found in human blood, brain tissue, and breast milk, with links to reduced cognitive function, highlighting an urgent need for better plastic waste policies to protect public health.
Microplastics in digestive tracts of fishes from Jakarta Bay
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Researchers examined the digestive tracts of multiple fish species from Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, finding microplastics — primarily fragments and fibers — in a significant proportion of individuals. The results document widespread contamination in a heavily urbanized coastal environment and raise concerns about plastic accumulation through the seafood chain.
Microplastic Contamination in Fish and Shellfish: A Review
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This review examined microplastic contamination in fish and shellfish consumed by Indonesian populations, covering detection methods, contamination levels, and potential human health risks. The authors found that microplastics are widespread in commercially important species and called for national-level monitoring programs and regulations on plastic discharge into aquatic environments.
Microplastic Contaminant in Indonesia: A review on Debris, Exposure, Health Risk and Future Perspective
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This Indonesian review collates data on microplastic contamination across the country's marine and coastal environments, documenting debris in fish, shellfish, and seawater, and assessing exposure and health risks for the Indonesian population. Given Indonesia's status as one of the world's largest sources of ocean plastic waste, the findings underscore both local exposure risks and the country's critical role in global microplastic pollution.
Research digests by email
When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.