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Physiological and Transcriptomic Responses of Arthrospira platensis to Low-Density Polyethylene Microplastic Exposure
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Researchers investigated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis following exposure to low-density polyethylene microplastics, examining how particle presence alters growth, oxidative stress markers, and gene expression in this commercially important microorganism.
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Researchers investigated the molecular responses of the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 to polyethylene micro- and nanoparticles, finding that these anthropogenic stressors altered gene expression and physiological processes in this key marine photosynthetic organism.
The Growth Inhibition of Polyethylene Nanoplastics on the Bait-Microalgae Isochrysis galbana Based on the Transcriptome Analysis
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Researchers found that polyethylene nanoplastics (50 nm) significantly inhibited growth and reduced chlorophyll in the bait microalga Isochrysis galbana through oxidative stress and disrupted gene expression, while larger microplastics had no significant impact.
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This study examined how polyethylene microplastics affect Spirulina, a widely cultivated blue-green algae used in food and supplements. Researchers found that at higher concentrations, microplastics reduced Spirulina growth and caused oxidative stress, while the algae also physically entangled with the plastic particles. The findings suggest that microplastic contamination could threaten both natural algal ecosystems and the commercial production of this important food source.
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A meta-analysis of 52 studies found that microplastics inhibit microalgal growth and photosynthesis and induce oxidative damage, though microalgae can recover over time. Cyanobacteria are more vulnerable than green algae, and the relative size of microplastics to algal cells governs the mechanism of impact, while aged versus pristine microplastics have opposite effects on extracellular polymeric substance and microcystin production.
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Researchers exposed the microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa to polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride microplastics and found up to 39% inhibition of carbon fixation, driven by reduced chlorophyll content, increased oxidative stress, and downregulation of genes in the Calvin cycle and chlorophyll metabolism, with implications for aquatic carbon cycling.
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