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Direct Identification of Microplastics by Ambient Pyrolysis Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Researchers developed an ambient pyrolysis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method that identifies microplastic polymer types within 2.4 seconds by vaporizing particles at 400°C and generating characteristic spectral fingerprints, enabling accurate discrimination among polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, and acrylates in environmental samples without prior sample preparation.
) of 0.99, supporting accurate quantitative analysis of target MPs. Within 2.4 s, the polymer vapor generated during atmospheric pyrolysis at an optimal temperature of 400 °C was effectively ionized to provide characteristic backbone information. The method was initially applied to representative MPs, including polyolefins (polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP), polyacrylate (poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA), polyesters (polyethylene terephthalate PET, polylactide PLA), nylon (polyamide 6, PA6), and polyformaldehyde (POM). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the PESI-MS data revealed distinct spectral features for each MP type. In addition, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMC) analysis elucidates both similarities and differences among the polymers and enables precise identification of MPs. Finally, the combined application of PESI-MS and PPMC analysis was used to comprehensively analyze nonplastic, plastic, and real-life samples, thereby validating the effectiveness of this approach in identifying environmental MPs.
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