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Sustainable Energy Application of Pyrolytic Oils from Plastic Waste in Gas Turbine Engines: Performance, Environmental, and Economic Analysis
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Pyrolytic oils produced by thermally decomposing mixed plastic waste are evaluated as a viable sustainable energy source, with properties comparable to conventional liquid fuels. The study examines fuel quality, combustion performance, and emissions characteristics to assess real-world applicability. Plastic-derived pyrolytic oils show promise as a drop-in or blended fuel that simultaneously addresses plastic waste disposal and energy recovery.
The rapid accumulation of polymer waste presents a significant environmental challenge, necessitating innovative waste management and resource recovery strategies. This study investigates the potential of chemical recycling via pyrolysis of plastic waste, specifically polystyrene (PS) and polypropylene (PP), to produce high-quality pyrolytic oils (WPPOs) for use as alternative fuels. The physicochemical properties of these oils were analyzed, and their performance in a gas turbine engine was evaluated. The results show that WPPOs increase NOx emissions by 61% for PSO and 26% for PPO, while CO emissions rise by 25% for PSO. Exhaust gas temperatures increase by 12.2% for PSO and 8.7% for PPO. Thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) decreases by 13.8% for PPO, with negligible changes for PSO. The environmental-economic analysis indicates that using WPPO results in a 68.2% increase in environmental impact for PS100 and 64% for PP100, with energy emission indexes rising by 101% for PS100 and 57.8% for PP100, compared to JET A. Although WPPO reduces fuel costs by 15%, it significantly elevates emissions of CO2, CO, and NOx. This research advances the understanding of integrating waste plastic pyrolysis into energy systems, promoting a circular economy while balancing environmental challenges.
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Environmental Impact of Waste Plastics and the Use of Waste Plastic-Derived Oil in Diesel Engines: A Literature Review
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This literature review examined how waste plastics enter environments, degrade into microplastics, and accumulate in soils, freshwater, and oceans, and also reviewed conversion technologies including pyrolysis, catalytic cracking, and hydrothermal liquefaction for producing usable fuel oil from waste plastic. The review found that waste plastic oil blended with diesel at low ratios offers acceptable engine performance but may increase nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions, requiring further technology optimization.
Thermodynamic Simulation And Optimization Of A Compression Ignition Engine Fueled With Oil Derived From Mixed Plastic Waste
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Researchers conducted thermodynamic simulation of a compression ignition engine fuelled with waste plastic oil (WPO) derived from mixed plastic feedstock using Diesel-RK software, finding that WPO produced 14.4% higher brake power and 7.4% lower specific fuel consumption than diesel but significantly increased nitrogen oxide emissions. Introducing exhaust gas recirculation at rates of 5-15% reduced NO emissions from 2,529.6 ppm to 831.34 ppm, with further gains achieved through multi-variable compression ratio and injection timing optimisation.
Municipal Plastic Waste Recycling through Pyrogasification
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Pyrogasification system converting 1,000 kg/h mixed municipal plastic waste into liquid fuel and gas without external heating.
Converting Plastic Waste to Energy through Pyrolysis and Gasification
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This review summarizes existing research on turning plastic waste into fuel through heating processes called pyrolysis and gasification, which can produce liquid fuel, gas and char. It discusses what affects output quality, and covers environmental, economic and engine-use aspects of these methods.
Pyrolysis of the Plastics: Catalysts, Product Applications, and Techno-economic Assessment
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This review examines pyrolysis as a method to convert common plastic waste (PET, PE, PVC, PP, PS) into fuels and chemicals, analyzing reaction mechanisms and catalysts including zeolites and clays. A techno-economic assessment outlines how catalytic pyrolysis, despite requiring post-processing, can integrate into a circular economy by producing valuable liquid hydrocarbons and energy-generating gases.
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