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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Sunscreen and Coral Reef
ClearSunscreen and Coral Reef
This review examines how sunscreen ingredients, particularly oxybenzone and other UV filters, damage coral reefs when released by swimmers and divers in shallow coastal waters. While focused on chemical toxicity, it illustrates the multiple human-caused stressors that compound the effects of plastic pollution on reef ecosystems.
UV-filter pollution: current concerns and future prospects.
This review examines how UV-filter chemicals from sunscreens and industrial products enter aquatic environments and what their ecological effects are. UV-filters are also used as additives in plastics, making their environmental release relevant to the broader chemical pollution associated with plastic waste.
Evaluation of Consumers' Awareness of the Impact of UV Filters on Marine Ecosystems
Not relevant to microplastics — this study surveys Polish consumers about their awareness of UV filter chemicals from sunscreens as a threat to marine ecosystems, finding generally low awareness of this specific issue.
Investigating the Effects of UV Filters in Sunscreen on Human and Environmental Health
This review examines the potential health and environmental risks of UV filters used in sunscreens, covering both organic chemical filters and inorganic metal oxide alternatives marketed as reef-safe. Evidence suggests that metal oxide UV filters can form harmful intermediates in water and may also absorb through human skin, raising questions about whether these alternatives are truly safer.
Oxybenzone contamination from sunscreen pollution and its ecological threat to Hanauma Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, U.S.A.
Researchers measured oxybenzone — a chemical in most sunscreens that is toxic to coral — in the water and sand of Hawaii's Hanauma Bay and found that heavy tourist traffic keeps concentrations dangerously high for coral reefs, with modeling showing the chemical can linger in the bay for up to 50 hours after a single release.
Evidence on the impacts of chemicals arising from human activity on tropical reef-building corals; a systematic map
This systematic review maps the evidence on how chemicals from human activity, including plastic-derived pollutants, affect tropical coral reefs. While focused on marine ecosystems rather than direct human health, the decline of coral reefs threatens the food security of millions of people who depend on reef fisheries for nutrition and livelihood.
Microplastic as an invisible threat to the coral reefs: Sources, toxicity mechanisms, policy intervention, and the way forward
This review examines how microplastics threaten coral reefs by causing physical damage, chemical toxicity, and disruption to coral biology. Microplastics can block coral feeding, carry harmful chemicals, and promote disease-causing bacteria on coral surfaces. While focused on coral ecosystems, the findings matter for human health because healthy reefs support fisheries and coastal communities that millions of people depend on.
Impacts of marine debris on coral reef ecosystem: A review for conservation and ecological monitoring of the coral reef ecosystem
This review examines how marine debris, especially microplastics, threatens coral reef ecosystems by causing physical damage, spreading disease, and disrupting coral biology. Microplastics can stick to coral polyps and block their feeding, while also carrying harmful bacteria that cause coral diseases. Healthy coral reefs are vital for fisheries and coastal protection, so their decline from plastic pollution indirectly affects the millions of people who depend on reef ecosystems for food and livelihoods.
Microplastics: impacts on corals and other reef organisms
This review examines the impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics on corals and reef organisms across all trophic levels. Researchers note that microplastics have been found in the water, sediments, and biota of every coral reef studied, but knowledge gaps remain for nanoplastic contamination due to detection limitations. The study highlights that few studies have examined how microplastic exposure interacts with other stressors like ocean acidification and rising temperatures, making comprehensive risk assessment difficult.
Adsorption of Sunscreen Compounds from Wastewater Using Commercial Activated Carbon: Detailed Kinetic and Thermodynamic Analyses
This paper is not directly about microplastics; it examines the removal of UV-filter sunscreen chemicals from wastewater using activated carbon, finding effective adsorption under various pH and concentration conditions, with relevance to aquatic pollution from personal care products.
Research progress on the effects of microplastics on coral reef ecosystems
This review synthesized current knowledge on microplastic pollution in coral reef ecosystems, covering global distribution of reef-associated microplastics, ingestion by reef organisms, and impacts on coral health. Microplastics were found to impair coral feeding, disrupt zooxanthellae, transfer toxins to reef organisms, and potentially contribute to coral reef degradation.
The Invisible Threat: How Microplastics Endanger Corals
This review explains how microplastics harm coral reefs by causing physical damage, triggering immune responses, introducing toxic chemicals, and smothering coral polyps. Since coral reefs support a quarter of all marine species and protect coastlines, microplastic pollution represents a serious threat to these critical ecosystems.
UV filters and UV stabilisers adsorbed in microplastic debris from beach sand
Researchers detected UV filters and UV stabilizers adsorbed onto microplastic debris collected from beach sand, demonstrating that personal care product contaminants partition onto plastic particles and may be transported and concentrated in marine environments.
Impact of micro-and nanoplastic contamination on reef-building corals
Researchers exposed two tropical coral species to micro- and nanoplastics of varying polymer types and assessed bleaching, symbiont loss, and tissue damage. Both species showed stress responses including reduced photosynthetic efficiency and partial bleaching, with effects varying by plastic type and size, suggesting reef-building corals are vulnerable to plastic pollution.
UV filters in everyday cosmetic products, a comparative study
This study surveyed UV-filtering chemicals across 742 cosmetic products and found widespread presence in everyday personal care items. UV filters are increasingly detected as environmental and biological contaminants, reaching waterways through skin absorption and washing, where they can interact with microplastics and other pollutants.
Microplastics: impacts on corals and other reef organisms
This study reviewed the growing body of evidence on how microplastics and nanoplastics affect corals and other reef organisms. Researchers found that these plastic particles can impair coral feeding, growth, and reproduction, and may worsen the effects of other stressors like ocean warming. The review highlights that plastic pollution represents an additional serious threat to already vulnerable reef ecosystems worldwide.
Microplastic pollution in tropical coral reef ecosystems from the coastal South China Sea and their impacts on corals in situ
Researchers studied microplastic contamination in coral reef ecosystems off southern China, finding plastic particles in seawater, sediment, corals, shellfish, and fish. Different coral species absorbed microplastics at different rates, with smaller particles penetrating deeper into coral tissue. Since coral reefs support fisheries and coastal communities, this contamination could affect both marine ecosystems and the seafood that people eat.
A systematic review of microplastics in coral reef ecosystems: Abundance, distribution, toxicity, and future research directions
This systematic review examined 125 studies on microplastic pollution in coral reef ecosystems. Corals are ingesting microplastics, which can cause tissue damage, stress responses, and impaired growth. Since coral reefs support roughly 25% of all marine species and many fisheries that feed coastal communities, their contamination with microplastics has far-reaching consequences for ocean health and food security.
Microplastics in Natural and Artificial Reefs
This review examines microplastic pollution in both natural and artificial reef ecosystems, summarizing how plastic particles accumulate in reef structures, affect coral and associated organisms, and interact with other stressors threatening reef health worldwide.
What evidence exists on the impacts of chemicals arising from human activity on tropical reef-building corals? A systematic map protocol
Researchers proposed a systematic map of evidence on how human-made chemicals — including microplastics — affect tropical reef-building corals, which support some of Earth's most biodiverse ecosystems. By cataloging what combinations of chemicals and coral responses have been studied, the map will help identify research gaps and guide local conservation decisions that can reduce chemical stress even as global climate threats persist.
Contamination of microplastics in tropical coral reef ecosystems of Sri Lanka
Researchers investigated microplastic contamination across ten coral reef ecosystems in Sri Lanka, finding microplastics in corals, water, and sediments with fibers and fragments being the dominant types, representing a previously unquantified threat to tropical reef systems.
Macro- and microplastics as complex threats to coral reef ecosystems
This review summarizes the growing threat that plastic pollution, from large debris down to nanoplastics, poses to coral reef ecosystems worldwide. Researchers found that microplastics can impair coral feeding, skeletal formation, and nutrition, weakening reef health. The study calls for including plastic monitoring in reef conservation programs and promoting a circular economy to reduce plastic waste entering oceans.
Capsule Dosimeters for Ultraviolet Radiation Measurements on Coral Reefs and in Seawater
This study developed new chemical dosimeters for measuring ultraviolet radiation doses in coral reef and seawater environments. Understanding UV exposure in marine environments is relevant to microplastics research, as UV radiation accelerates the photodegradation of plastic into smaller microplastic particles.
Fine-scale geographic risk assessment of oxybenzone sunscreen pollution within Hanauma Bay using hydrodynamic characterization and modeling
A hydrodynamic model of Hanauma Bay in Hawaii revealed that water circulation patterns concentrate oxybenzone sunscreen pollution over sensitive coral reef areas for extended periods. High oxybenzone concentrations were found throughout the bay at levels threatening coral, fish, and algae populations.