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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Use of DNA adduct and histopathological defects as indications for bio-persistence potency of zinc oxide nanoparticles in gastropod, Monacha cartusiana (Mǜller) after short-term exposure
ClearThe response of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) exposed to copper-doped zinc nanoparticles
This study is not about microplastics; it examines how copper-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles affect the physiology and biochemistry of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) used as marine pollution bioindicators.
Combined toxic effects of environmental predominant microplastics and ZnO nanoparticles in freshwater snail Pomaceae paludosa
Researchers assessed the toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and polypropylene microplastics, both individually and combined, on the freshwater snail Pomeacea paludosa over 28 days. The study found that combined exposure caused more severe oxidative stress, disrupted antioxidant and digestive enzyme activity, and led to tissue damage and DNA damage compared to individual pollutant exposure. Evidence indicates that microplastics interacting with nanoparticles can amplify toxic effects in freshwater organisms.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce DNA Damage in Sand Dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis Sperm
Researchers investigated the genotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis sperm using comet assay, finding that both ZnO NPs and zinc ions at concentrations of 20-200 ug/L caused DNA damage reaching approximately 6-7% DNA in the comet tail, with distinct dose-response patterns between the two forms.
Immunological responses, oxidative stress, and histopathological effects of nanoplastics on commercially relevant mussel species: A review
This review examines how nanoplastics affect commercially important mussel species, finding that these tiny particles can cross biological barriers and accumulate in tissues. Evidence indicates that nanoplastic exposure alters metabolic rates, triggers immune responses, causes oxidative stress and DNA damage, and changes the structure of gills, gonads, and gut tissue. The findings raise concerns about both mussel health and potential implications for seafood safety.
Evaluation of distribution, chemical speciation, and toxic effects of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles in Daphnia magna and Danio rerio
Copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles were toxic to both water fleas (Daphnia magna) and zebrafish at low concentrations, accumulating in tissues and causing oxidative damage. These nanoparticles are used in plastics as stabilizers and antimicrobials, making their aquatic toxicity relevant to assessing risks from plastic-derived nanoparticle release.
Determination of Oxidative Stress Responses Caused by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle on Gammarus Pulex
Gammarus pulex, a freshwater invertebrate indicator species, was exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles at 0, 10, 20, and 40 ppm for 24 and 96 hours to assess oxidative stress responses. The study measured antioxidant enzyme activities and related biomarkers, finding concentration- and time-dependent oxidative stress effects.
Nanoparticles: Weighing the Pros and Cons from an Eco-genotoxicological Perspective
This review assessed the eco-genotoxicological risks of nanoparticles including nanoplastics and metal oxide nanoparticles, examining their DNA-damaging potential across organisms from bacteria to mammals and finding that surface chemistry and dissolution behavior are the primary determinants of genotoxicity, with implications for environmental risk assessment frameworks.
Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Exposure on Human Glial Cells and Zebrafish Embryos
Researchers investigated the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles on human brain glial cells and zebrafish embryos, finding that both were harmed at relatively low concentrations. The nanoparticles reduced cell viability in the glial cells and caused developmental abnormalities in the zebrafish embryos. The study suggests that the dissolved zinc ions released from these widely used nanoparticles play a significant role in their toxic effects on the nervous system.
Single and Combined Toxicity Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Uptake and Accumulation in Marine Microalgae, Toxicity Mechanisms, and Their Fate in the Marine Environment
This review examined the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to marine microalgae, which form the base of the aquatic food chain. Researchers found that toxicity mechanisms include the release of zinc ions, direct interaction with algae cells, and generation of reactive oxygen species, and the study highlights the need for more research on combined pollutant exposures that better reflect real-world conditions.
Exploration of Cadmium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Bioaccumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Carcinogenic Potential inOreochromis mossambicusL.
This chronic toxicity study exposed the fish Oreochromis mossambicus to cadmium dioxide nanoparticles and measured oxidative stress and genotoxic biomarkers over time, finding dose-dependent harm. While focused on metal-oxide nanoparticles rather than nanoplastics, the study methods and findings are relevant to understanding how nanoparticles generally accumulate and cause harm in commercially important fish.
Effects of natural organic matter on the joint toxicity and accumulation of Cu nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles in Daphnia magna
Researchers tested how copper and zinc oxide nanoparticle mixtures affect the water flea Daphnia magna in the presence and absence of natural organic matter, finding additive-to-synergistic joint toxicity and showing that natural organic matter shifts the dominant toxic species toward dissolved zinc ions while increasing nanoparticle accumulation in the organism's body.
Chronic and transgenerational effects of silver nanoparticles in freshwater gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis
Researchers tracked the effects of silver nanoparticles — widely used in consumer products like clothing and coatings — across two generations of freshwater snails (Lymnaea stagnalis). They found that parental exposure caused oxidative stress and reduced reproduction, and these harmful effects were passed on to offspring even after transfer to clean water, demonstrating that nanoparticle toxicity can span generations in aquatic organisms.
Toxicity of metal-based nanoparticles: Challenges in the nano era
This review covers the toxic effects of metal-based nanoparticles on human health, including how they cause oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and organ dysfunction. While focused on engineered nanoparticles rather than microplastics directly, the toxicity pathways described overlap significantly with those triggered by nanoplastic exposure. Understanding these shared mechanisms helps explain how nano-scale particles of any kind, including nanoplastics, may harm the body.
A Systematic Genotoxicity Assessment of a Suite of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Reveals Their DNA Damaging and Clastogenic Potential
Researchers systematically tested eight types of metal oxide nanoparticles for their ability to damage DNA in lung cells, finding that solubility in cell culture was a key factor driving toxicity. While this study focuses on metal nanoparticles rather than microplastics, the findings are relevant because microplastics often carry metal oxide particles on their surfaces, potentially delivering these DNA-damaging agents into the body.
Comparative study of the sensitivity of two freshwater gastropods, Lymnaea stagnalis and Planorbarius corneus, to silver nanoparticles: bioaccumulation and toxicity
Researchers exposed two freshwater snail species to silver nanoparticles and found both accumulated the metal in their bodies, but one species built up significantly higher levels than the other due to its more active behavior, with damage showing up mainly as oxidative stress in the blood — suggesting species biology strongly shapes nanoparticle toxicity.
Histological, Haematological, and thyroid hormones toxicity of oral exposure to CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles in female rats
Researchers assessed the in vivo toxicity of CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles (30 nm) in female albino rats via 30-day oral administration at doses from 5 to 40 mg/L, finding significant alterations in white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and thyroid hormone levels, indicating systemic toxicity at low doses.
Molecular toxicity of nanoplastics involving in oxidative stress and desoxyribonucleic acid damage
This review examines the molecular mechanisms by which nanoplastics induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in biological systems, synthesizing findings from cell culture and animal studies. The evidence suggests that nanoplastics can cause genotoxic effects at the cellular level, which is relevant to understanding potential long-term health risks of chronic nanoplastic exposure.
Salinity Moderated the Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) towards the Early Development of Takifugu obscurus
Researchers found that salinity modulates the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the early development of obscure pufferfish, with varying salt concentrations altering nanoparticle behavior and biological effects during this anadromous species' migration between fresh and saltwater.
Ecological Risks of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Early Life Stages of Obscure Puffer (Takifugu obscurus)
This study tested the toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the early life stages of the obscure puffer fish, finding reduced hatching rates, deformities in larvae, and significant mortality at higher concentrations. While focused on zinc oxide rather than microplastics, the research is relevant because zinc oxide nanoparticles from sunscreen are commonly found alongside microplastics in aquatic environments. The combined presence of multiple nanoparticle pollutants may compound the risks to aquatic ecosystems and the fish people eat.
Bioaccumulation and ecotoxicological impact of micro(nano)plastics in aquatic and land snails: Historical review, current research and emerging trends
This review summarizes the ecotoxicological impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on aquatic and land snail species worldwide. Researchers found evidence of microplastic bioaccumulation in 40 gastropod species, with Asia showing the highest contamination levels, and documented harmful effects including behavioral changes, oxidative stress, and tissue damage. The study highlights that toxicity depends on particle composition, shape, and size, and identifies significant research gaps in understanding how these pollutants affect invertebrate communities.
Impact of nanoparticles on human health and disease
This review assessed whether marine snails (gastropods) can serve as reliable indicator species for microplastic pollution in the ocean, examining global literature across five gastropod subclasses. On average, about 33 plastic pieces were found per individual gastropod, with bottom-dwelling species accumulating the most. The findings suggest that gastropods are useful bioindicators for monitoring microplastic contamination in marine environments from the seafloor to the surface.
Natural Bioactive Phytocompounds to Reduce Toxicity in Common Carp Cyprinus carpio: A Challenge to Environmental Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials
Researchers investigated the toxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles on common carp and found that Myristica fragrans seed extract provided protective benefits by reducing oxidative stress and mitigating nanoparticle-induced damage.
Effectiveness of N-Acetylcysteine on Zinc oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Albino Rats
Researchers exposed adult albino rats to zinc oxide nanoparticles orally and investigated whether N-acetylcysteine — a free radical scavenger — could protect against ZnO nanoparticle-induced cardiotoxicity, measuring oxidative stress markers, histopathological changes, and cardiac enzyme levels to evaluate the mechanistic basis and protective efficacy of NAC treatment.
Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Zebrafish Embryos in Aquatic Ecosystems
Researchers tested the toxic effects of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on zebrafish embryos in natural water environments. They found that both nanoparticle types caused acute toxicity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy, though toxicity was lower in natural water compared to pure water due to environmental interactions. The study suggests that the complex components in natural water may transform nanoparticles in ways that reduce but do not eliminate their harmful effects on aquatic organisms.