Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Twist, turn and encounter: the trajectories of small atmospheric particles unravelled

Experiments and simulations studied how non-spherical solid particles (including microplastics) settle through air, finding unexpectedly complex tumbling and spiraling trajectories even at low speeds. These insights improve predictions of how airborne microplastic particles travel and deposit across landscapes.

2025 Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Atmospheric transport dynamics of microplastic fibres

Researchers examined the atmospheric transport dynamics of microplastic fibres within boundary layer flows, comparing their motion to mineral grain transport and finding key differences in behaviour that have important implications for modelling the long-range atmospheric dispersal of microplastics to remote and rural locations.

2025
Article Tier 2

Effects of Shape and Size on Microplastic Atmospheric Settling Velocity

Researchers measured atmospheric settling and horizontal drift velocities of various microplastic shapes and sizes in controlled settling chambers, providing empirical data needed to improve atmospheric transport models that explain how microplastics reach remote environments.

2023 Environmental Science & Technology 39 citations
Article Tier 2

Modeling the Gravitational Settling of Microplastic Fibers in the Atmosphere

Researchers developed and applied a model for gravitational settling of microplastic fibers in the atmosphere, examining how fiber shape and size influence atmospheric residence time and deposition patterns to better understand the global atmospheric transport cycle of microplastics.

2022 Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University)
Article Tier 2

Investigating the Atmospheric Dispersion of Microplastic Particles - A Model Study

Researchers employed the COSMO-Itpas Lagrangian transport model to simulate the atmospheric dispersion of microplastic particles in central Germany, calculating thousands of particle trajectories to identify connectivity between potential sources such as roads, agricultural areas, and water bodies and detection sites.

2024
Article Tier 2

Tracking the sources of atmospheric microplastic using FLEXPART v.

Researchers used the FLEXPART atmospheric particle dispersion model to track the sources and transport pathways of atmospheric microplastics detected at monitoring sites around the world, accounting for the complex shapes of microplastic fibres that complicate standard atmospheric transport modelling. The study aimed to reduce uncertainty in source attribution for atmospheric microplastics and characterise the relative contributions of different emission sources including urban areas, oceans, and agricultural regions.

2024
Article Tier 2

Shape matters: long-range transport of microplastic fibers in the atmosphere

This study modeled the long-range atmospheric transport of microplastic fibers, finding that their elongated non-spherical shape causes them to travel much farther than spherical particles before settling. This helps explain why microplastic fibers are found even in the most remote locations on Earth, far from any plastic pollution source.

2023 arXiv (Cornell University) 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic shape affects travel distance

Researchers found that microplastic shape significantly influences atmospheric transport distance, with fibre and complex-shaped particles travelling farther than spherical ones assumed in most models, helping explain the detection of microplastics in remote locations such as Antarctica and Mount Fuji.

2024 C&EN Global Enterprise
Article Tier 2

Lagrangian tracking of particles settling through the atmosphere: influence of particle shape on its dispersion

Researchers launched instrumented balloon experiments as part of the IMPACT field campaign in northern Finland to track non-spherical particle settling through the atmosphere, finding that particle shape significantly influences dispersion trajectories and that existing spherical-particle models underestimate the spread of realistic atmospheric particles such as microplastics.

2025
Article Tier 2

Particle properties and environmental factors control atmospheric transport and deposition of micro- and nanoplastics

Researchers built a mathematical model to predict how micro- and nanoplastics travel through the atmosphere, finding that particles around 1 micrometer in diameter and fiber-shaped plastics can remain airborne for weeks and travel long distances. Factors like wind speed, rainfall, and the particles' own shape and density determine whether plastics stay in the air for seconds or spread globally.

2025 Communications Earth & Environment 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Shape Matters: Long-Range Transport of Microplastic Fibers in the Atmosphere

Researchers used atmospheric modeling to explain how microplastic fibers can travel long distances through the air, even reaching remote locations far from population centers. They found that the elongated shape of fibers gives them significantly different aerodynamic properties than spherical particles, allowing them to stay airborne much longer. The study helps explain why microplastics have been detected in pristine environments like mountain peaks and polar regions.

2023 Environmental Science & Technology 111 citations
Meta Analysis Tier 1

Physical characteristics of microplastic particles and potential for global atmospheric transport: A meta-analysis

This meta-analysis pools data from multiple studies to examine the physical characteristics of airborne microplastics and how they travel through the atmosphere. The findings confirm that microplastics can be transported globally by wind, meaning people everywhere are breathing in these particles regardless of how far they live from pollution sources.

2023 Environmental Pollution 45 citations
Article Tier 2

Atmospheric transport of microplastic particles as a function of their size and shape

Researchers investigated the atmospheric transport and settling of microplastic particles as a function of size and shape, implementing a shape-correction parameterization for fiber-shaped particles in an atmospheric transport model to better represent their reduced gravitational settling velocity compared to spheres. The study showed that non-spherical fibers experience greater atmospheric drag, increasing their residence time and transport distance, and that including shape effects improved agreement between model output and ground-based measurements.

2022
Article Tier 2

Exploring the Transport Path of Oceanic Microplastics in the Atmosphere

Researchers used computer modeling to estimate how microplastics are launched from the ocean surface into the atmosphere and transported around the globe. They identified tropical ocean regions as major emission hotspots and found that tiny plastic particles can travel efficiently through the atmosphere and even reach the stratosphere, where they may linger for months. The study suggests that current estimates of ocean surface microplastic concentrations may be one to two orders of magnitude too low.

2024 Environmental Science & Technology 30 citations
Article Tier 2

Is transport of microplastics different from mineral particles? Idealized wind tunnel studies on polyethylene microspheres

Wind tunnel experiments revealed that plastic (polyethylene) microspheres behave differently from mineral dust particles when transported by wind, particularly on hydrophobic surfaces, where plastic particles detach and become airborne more readily. Particle-to-particle collisions were found to both assist and impede detachment. These findings help explain why microplastics are found in remote atmospheric environments and improve models for predicting how far plastic particles can travel through the air from pollution sources.

2023 Atmospheric chemistry and physics 6 citations
Article Tier 2

On some physical and dynamical properties of microplastic particles in marine environment

This study examined the physical and dynamical properties of microplastic particles in marine environments, using modeling to predict how particle shape, density, and size govern transport, dispersion, and accumulation patterns.

2016 Marine Pollution Bulletin 629 citations
Article Tier 2

Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibers depends on their shapes

Researchers developed a theory-based settling velocity model for microplastic fibers in the atmosphere that accounts for fiber shape and cross-sectional dimensions, finding that correctly characterising flat fibers rather than treating them as cylinders increases estimated mean atmospheric residence time by over 450%, suggesting the ocean is a major source of airborne plastic and that long-range transport is far more efficient than previously thought.

2023 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Atmospheric microplastic measurements reconciliation with emission estimates: A Lagrangian approach

Researchers used a Lagrangian atmospheric transport model to reconcile discrepancies between field measurements of atmospheric microplastic concentrations and global emission estimates, finding that measurement variability and gaps in emission source characterization are primary drivers of the mismatch.

2025
Article Tier 2

Characterization of the Morphological and Chemical Profile of Different Families of Microplastics in Samples of Breathable Air

Researchers characterized the morphological and chemical profiles of airborne microplastics collected from breathable air samples, finding diverse polymer types and particle shapes and examining how these particles are transported through the atmosphere to the air people breathe.

2023 Molecules 25 citations
Article Tier 2

Evidence of free tropospheric and long-range transport of microplastic at Pic du Midi Observatory

Researchers found microplastic particles in the free troposphere at nearly 2,900 meters elevation at Pic du Midi Observatory, with air trajectory modeling showing intercontinental and trans-oceanic transport, demonstrating that microplastics can travel vast distances through the upper atmosphere.

2021 Nature Communications 242 citations
Article Tier 2

A Review of Atmospheric Micro/Nanoplastics: Insights into Source and Fate for Modelling Studies

This review synthesizes current knowledge about how micro- and nanoplastics move through the atmosphere, covering their sources, transport mechanisms, and eventual deposition. Researchers found that atmospheric transport can carry these particles over long distances quickly, making it a major pathway for global plastic pollution spread. The study identifies key knowledge gaps needed for developing accurate models of airborne microplastic behavior.

2025 Current Pollution Reports 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Dynamics of airborne microplastics, appraisal and distributional behaviour in atmosphere; a review

This review explores the sources, distribution, and behaviour of airborne microplastics in the terrestrial environment. Researchers summarize how factors like size, density, and atmospheric conditions influence microplastic transport and concentration in air. The study highlights that airborne exposure represents a significant and relatively understudied route of human microplastic intake, with particles capable of carrying organic pollutants that bioaccumulate through food webs.

2021 The Science of The Total Environment 66 citations
Article Tier 2

Is atmospheric pathway a significant contributor to microplastics in the marine environment?

Researchers reviewed evidence for atmospheric transport of microplastics to and from marine environments, finding that wind-driven processes like sand storms, bubble bursts, and sea spray can eject microplastics from ocean surfaces into aerosols, making the atmosphere a significant but understudied pathway in the marine microplastic cycle.

2023 Emerging contaminants 4 citations
Article Tier 2

Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibers depends on their shapes

This study investigated how the shape of microplastic fibers affects how far they travel through the atmosphere. Long, thin fibers stay airborne longer and can be transported greater distances than compact fragments, explaining why synthetic textile fibers are so widely found in remote environments.

2023