Papers

61,005 results
|
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in ecosystems and health

This review summarizes how microplastics originate from degrading macroplastics and intentionally manufactured products, describes their impacts on marine organisms and human health, and surveys emerging recycling technologies and regulatory responses. It provides a useful plain-language synthesis of why microplastics are a dual environmental-and-health problem, acting both as physical contaminants and as vectors for toxic chemicals.

2023 ECORFAN Journal Republic of Guatemala
Article Tier 2

Fate and Behavior of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Wastes

This review examines the sources, environmental behavior, and fate of micro- and nanoplastics in solid waste streams, summarizing evidence that improper plastic disposal leads to widespread contamination of water, soil, air, and biological tissues.

2024
Article Tier 2

The Environmental Hazards of Micro- and Nanoplastics

Researchers reviewed how microplastics — tiny plastic particles found everywhere in the environment — can enter the body, accumulate in tissues, and disrupt the immune, digestive, and nervous systems, with exposure linked to hormonal imbalances, chronic disease, and cancer risk.

2025 Advances in Biology & Earth Sciences 6 citations
Review Tier 2

Micro- and nanoplastics: origin, sources of intake and impact on human health (literature review)

This literature review synthesizes mechanisms by which micro- and nanoplastics interact with living organisms, examining their physicochemical properties, routes of human exposure, and documented health effects across multiple organ systems.

2025 Hygiene and Sanitation
Review Tier 2

Micro- and Nanoplastics in the Environment: Current State of Research, Sources of Origin, Health Risks, and Regulations—A Comprehensive Review

This review summarizes the current state of research on micro- and nanoplastics found in air, water, and soil worldwide. These tiny plastic particles pose significant threats to human health including oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular damage, and possible cancer-causing effects, and the authors call for stronger regulations and more research into how they harm the body.

2025 Toxics 24 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nano-Plastics Contaminants in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Toxicity, Detection, Remediation, and Sustainable Perspectives

This review provides a broad overview of micro- and nanoplastic pollution, covering where these particles come from, how they spread through the environment, and the damage they cause to living things including humans. The authors also compare different methods for removing microplastics from the environment, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. The paper calls for more research and global cooperation to develop better tools for measuring the health risks of plastic pollution.

2023 Water 31 citations
Article Tier 2

Research progress on the sources and toxicology of micro (nano) plastics in environment

This review covers sources, distribution, and toxicity of micro- and nanoplastics across soil, water, and air, including effects on organisms and human health. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state of knowledge on environmental microplastic contamination and its consequences.

2018 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental source, fate, and toxicity of microplastics

This comprehensive review covers the sources, environmental fate, and toxic effects of microplastics across both aquatic and terrestrial environments. The study highlights that microplastics are now found virtually everywhere on Earth and can harm organisms through physical damage, chemical leaching, and by acting as carriers for other pollutants.

2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 982 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Pollution in the Environment

This review examines the ubiquitous presence of microplastics as emerging environmental pollutants across all major environmental compartments, synthesizing data on their sources, fates, and concentrations over time and space to characterize the scale of global contamination.

2025
Article Tier 2

Multiple Effects, Pathways, and Potential Health Risks from Environmental Microplastic Exposure

This review synthesizes nearly two decades of research on the multiple pathways through which environmental microplastics affect human and ecological health, including chemical toxicity, physical impacts, and potential roles as carriers of pathogens and contaminants.

2025 Toxics
Article Tier 2

Impact of Micro and Nano Plastics on Ocean Environment

This review examines the impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on ocean environments, covering their sources, fragmentation from larger plastic debris, effects on marine species across the food chain from plankton to fish, and implications for ocean ecosystem health.

2024
Article Tier 2

Source, migration path and pollution of microplastics and nano-plastics in food

This review traced the sources, migration pathways, and food contamination status of microplastics and nanoplastics, covering their entry into food chains through packaging, processing, environmental pollution, and water sources—and discussing potential accumulation in the human body and associated health risks.

2025 Advances in Food Science and Human Nutrition
Article Tier 2

Impact of microplastics pollution on human health and aquatic life: a review

This review summarizes how microplastics enter the environment from sources like plastic pellets, cosmetics, and the breakdown of larger plastics through UV light and weathering. Researchers describe how these tiny particles accumulate in oceans primarily from land-based human activities and transfer through the food chain from one organism to another. Evidence indicates that microplastic exposure in aquatic organisms can cause tissue damage, oxidative stress, and disruptions to normal biological processes.

2025 Polymer International 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in Environment and Effects on Biota

This review summarizes how microplastics form from plastic breakdown in nature or are manufactured at small sizes, spread across ecosystems, and harm organisms from microbes to larger animals. It emphasizes that poor plastic waste management is driving a growing global pollution crisis with broad ecological consequences.

2020 Turkish Journal of Water Science and Management 3 citations
Systematic Review Tier 1

Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Environmental Sources, Human Exposure Pathways, And Potential Health Impacts

This systematic review maps out the many ways microplastics and nanoplastics enter the human body, including through food, water, air, and everyday products. The researchers found these tiny particles are now present in nearly every environment, from oceans to our homes. The review highlights growing concerns about what this constant low-level exposure might mean for our long-term health.

2024 Revista Electronica de Veterinaria
Article Tier 2

Origin, environmental presence and health effects of microplastics

This review synthesizes current knowledge on the origins, environmental distribution, and health effects of microplastics, covering exposure pathways (ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact) and associated health risks including oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic disruption, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and potential carcinogenicity.

2022 Acta Biologica Szegediensis 1 citations
Article Tier 2

An overview of the sources, hazards and removal of microplastics

This review covers the sources, environmental fate, and removal methods for micro- and nanoplastics, noting that secondary particles formed from macroplastic breakdown constitute over 90% of total plastic pollution and summarizing physical, chemical, and biological removal approaches.

2025 Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A
Article Tier 2

Microplastic in the Marine Environment

This review examines the presence, sources, distribution, and ecological effects of microplastics in marine environments, arguing that the pervasive use of plastics in modern society and poor waste management have made ocean microplastic pollution a critical global issue.

2023 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Plastics and Micro/Nano-Plastics (MNPs) in the Environment: Occurrence, Impact, and Toxicity

This review provides a broad overview of how plastics break down into micro- and nanoplastics in soil, water, and air, and how these tiny particles are taken up by plants, animals, and humans. As plastics age in the environment, they become more reactive and potentially more toxic. The paper discusses how these particles enter the body, where they accumulate, and the toxic effects observed in studies so far.

2023 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 95 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro- and nano-plastics in marine environment: Source, distribution and threats — A review

This review examines the sources, distribution, and threats of micro- and nanoplastics in the marine environment. Researchers found that microplastics are nearly ubiquitous in ocean ecosystems, causing harm to marine animals ranging from malnutrition to chemical poisoning. The study also highlights that nanoplastics can penetrate biological barriers, including the gastrointestinal and blood-brain barriers, and accumulate in vital organs.

2019 The Science of The Total Environment 754 citations
Article Tier 2

Mini review of microplastic pollutions and its impact on the environment and human health

This mini review summarizes the sources, distribution, and environmental impacts of microplastic pollution, highlighting the health risks posed by chemical leaching from microplastics and the need for better reduction strategies.

2023 Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 11 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic pollution: Sources, fate, impacts and research gaps

This review summarizes the sources, environmental fate, and health impacts of microplastics across oceans, rivers, soils, and polar regions. It highlights that microplastics carry toxic chemicals into ecosystems and can enter the human body through food, water, and air.

2021 Quality of Life (Banja Luka) - APEIRON 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in Environmental Setting: A Review on Sources, Exposure Routes and Potential Toxicities on Human Health

This review examines microplastics in environmental settings, synthesizing current knowledge on sources, distribution across terrestrial and aquatic compartments, fate processes, and ecological consequences. The authors identify priority research areas needed to address remaining uncertainties in microplastic risk assessment.

2024 Bioresources and Environment 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nanosized Plastic: An Alarming Threat to One’s Health

This review examines the health hazards of micro- and nanoplastic exposure to humans and animals, covering the formation, distribution, and toxicological effects of particles generated through biotic and abiotic degradation of the approximately 12.7 million tons of plastic released annually into the environment. The authors highlight inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact as key exposure routes and summarize evidence for cytotoxicity, inflammation, and endocrine disruption.

2024 ACS symposium series