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Contaminação por microplásticos, nanoplásticos, e seus riscos associados à saúde humana
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Researchers reviewed literature on micro- and nanoplastic contamination of human tissues, documenting systemic health risks including cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic disorders, and potential carcinogenic, pro-coagulative, and pro-fibrotic effects, as well as threats to reproductive, immune, and endocrine function.
O plástico é um polímero muito difundido globalmente, dado as suas características, como alta resistência e durabilidade, e, uma vez no meio ambiente e sob condições favoráveis de luz solar e calor, é capaz de se degradar em partículas menores, adsorvendo outros compostos. Esses fragmentos são classificados de acordo com o seu tamanho, sendo considerados microplásticos ou nanoplásticos, e podem ser encontrados nos mais diversos ecossistemas, inclusive dispersos no ar. Em face à sua durabilidade significativa, foram despertados anseios em relação aos potenciais riscos à saúde humana associados a essas partículas, visto que elas foram encontradas, em investigações, em tecidos e excretas humanas. O presente estudo, realizado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE e SCOPUS, objetiva discutir e compreender a toxicidade, os riscos à saúde humana e os efeitos sistêmicos associados à contaminação pelos fragmentos plásticos em questão. Esses efeitos estão relacionados, sobretudo, a desordens metabólicas, à citotoxicidade, ao estresse oxidativo e à inflamação induzida pelo acúmulo dessas substâncias em tecidos humanos, ocasionando eventos teratogênicos, cancerígenos, pró-coagulativos e pró-fibróticos. Além disso, essas substâncias também podem suscitar desordens imunes, endócrinas e germinativas, levando ao comprometimento da fertilidade humana, o que requer maior apelo global frente à ameaça representada por esses materiais.
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Potenciais riscos à saúde associados à exposição de seres humanos a microplásticos e nanoplásticos
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Researchers conducted a systematic review of human health risks from micro- and nanoplastic exposure, analyzing 10 studies from major databases and finding that these particles—detected in blood, urine, and other fluids—can cause cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in lymphocytes and may disrupt fetal development by affecting gene expression in placental tissue.
Microplásticos e Nanoplásticos e sua relevância na saúde humana: uma revisão de literatura
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Researchers reviewed 22 studies on the health impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics in humans, concluding that physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms — including inflammatory responses, pathogen transport, and adsorption of toxic substances — all contribute to potential harm, and calling for more research given alarming preliminary findings.
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Researchers conducted a scoping review of 75 studies on the health effects of micro- and nanoplastics in humans, confirming their presence in multiple organ systems and finding associations with inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue accumulation, cardiovascular disease, fetal developmental disruption, neurotoxicity, and male infertility.
Potenciais efeitos dos microplásticos na saúde humana: uma revisão integrativa
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Researchers conducted an integrative literature review of 12 studies on microplastic presence in the human body, finding evidence that these particles cross physiological barriers and accumulate in the cardiovascular, reproductive, and nervous systems, where they are associated with immune dysfunction, fetal developmental changes, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity, and male infertility.
Review Analysis on the Impact of Nanoplastic (NPs) and Microplastic (MPs) Exposure on Homeostasis and the Functioning of the Human System
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This Portuguese-language review synthesized 26 studies on microplastic and nanoplastic exposure, documenting bioacumulation across multiple organs—intestine, lungs, circulatory system, brain, heart, liver, kidneys, and reproductive system—triggering inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunction linked to cardiovascular, respiratory, neurodegenerative, and reproductive diseases. The review underscores the systemic health threat of micro- and nanoplastics and the urgent need for expanded research on particle size, shape, and chemical interaction effects.
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