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Identificación metagenómica de microorganismos del líquido ruminal y humus de lombriz, biodegradadores de plásticos
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"Researchers used metagenomic analysis to identify plastic-degrading microorganisms in bovine rumen fluid and vermicompost, finding genera including Bacillus, Methanosarcina, and Advenella capable of breaking down LDPE and PET, with the highest biodegradation rate of 4.5% achieved by vermicompost on LDPE at 25–27°C over seven months."
La biodegradación es un método ampliamente empleada en la biorremediación de polímeros que permite controlar la alteración de ecosistemas perjudicados por las actividades antropogénicas. El objetivo fue determinar la capacidad de biodegradación del consorcio microbiano del líquido ruminal vacuno y humus de lombriz, sobre el polietileno de baja densidad y tereftalato a diferentes condiciones de temperatura y humedad, e identificar los microorganismos involucrados en este proceso. La metodología fue experimental en la cual se emplearon 120 láminas de PET y 120 de PEBD de 2,5 cm x 2,5 cm, sumergidas dentro de frascos estériles con líquido ruminal y humus, las láminas y sus repeticiones fueron extraídas de los frascos mensualmente durante 7 meses. La identificación de los microorganismos fue desarrollada mediante un análisis metagenómico, lo que permitió la identificación de microorganismos en el líquido ruminal como en el humus de lombriz, encontrando los géneros más comunes Bacillus, Methanosarcina y Advenella, además el valor de biodegradación más alto fue de 4,5 % para el tratamiento de humus de lombriz con polietileno de baja densidad a temperatura de incubación entre 25° a 27 °C.
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