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Dampak Mikroplastik Terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Lingkungan

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Researchers reviewed seven recent studies on microplastic exposure, finding that microplastics detected in human blood and respiratory tracts can trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ damage, while in the environment they disrupt aquatic food chains, enzymatic activity, and act as vectors for antibiotic resistance genes.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak paparan mikroplastik terhadap kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan melalui tinjauan literatur dari tujuh studi terkini. Literatur diperoleh dari database PubMed, Scopus, dan Web of Science dengan rentang tahun 2020–2024. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa mikroplastik telah terdeteksi dalam tubuh manusia, khususnya dalam darah dan saluran pernapasan, serta dapat memicu stres oksidatif, inflamasi, dan gangguan organ. Di lingkungan, mikroplastik berdampak negatif terhadap ekosistem perairan, mengganggu rantai makanan, aktivitas enzimatik, serta berperan sebagai vektor penyebaran gen resistensi antibiotik. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa mikroplastik merupakan ancaman serius bagi kesehatan manusia dan keseimbangan ekosistem. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan langkah kolaboratif lintas sektor untuk mitigasi dan penelitian lanjutan terhadap efek jangka panjang mikroplastik.

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