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Performance evaluation of the paving blocks moulded with plastic waste as a binding material
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PET/PVC paving blocks: optimal 148g sand + 50g PET mix meets construction standards for density, water absorption, and compressive strength. 2. **96206** — Bibliometric analysis of circular economy + plastic waste research; UK, China, India lead; pyrolysis and sustainable development are emerging themes. 3. **93777** — Polyurethane composites with industrial waste fillers achieve 250–500% compressive strength gains; ML models (random forest, neural nets) accurately predict performance. 4. **89028** — Spain became a hub for illegal plastic waste trafficking post-China's 2018 import ban; legal and illegal actors exploit regulatory loopholes. 5. **91474** — Community anti-plastic campaign in Jakarta combining education, eco-friendly alternatives, and recycling infrastructure to reduce single-use plastic. 6. **97644** — Plastics in Lake Nokoué harbor multidrug-resistant pathogens (48.3% S. aureus), acting as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes with waterborne disease risk. 7. **104939** — Biobased polymer from poultry feathers/woody biomass moderates soil temperature by 3.4°C, conserves moisture, suppresses weeds 42–57%, and boosts soil nitrogen. 8. **84037** — Conceptual framework for microplastics-mercury methylation coupling: MPs drive methylmercury formation via adsorption dynamics, plastisphere microbes, and DOM-mediated abiotic pathways. 9. **84023** — AI-integrated Raman analysis shows heterogeneous real-world MP samples require 40–70% filter coverage for accurate count extrapolation; frequent small-block sampling is most efficient. 10. **113437** — Systematic review of 30 LAC studies finds widespread MP contamination and animal-model evidence of reproductive toxicity; no enforceable regulatory thresholds exist across the region.
Plastic waste management remains a major challenge, requiring innovative recycling solutions. This study explores using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics as binding materials in paving blocks to mitigating plastic waste pollution. The study evaluates the suitability of these plastics in paving blocks by assessing their physical properties (density, water absorption, and compressive strength). The target was to determine optimal compositions for durable construction materials. Waste plastics were sourced from dumping sites and hotels in Tororo. Sand of 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm particle sizes was used as filler. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimized the physical properties of the moulded blocks and developed predictive models for performance enhancement. The study successfully developed predictive models for the density and water absorption of PET-based blocks. For PVCs, no viable water absorption model was established due to its ability to fill voids in the sand. Only PET combined with 1.2 mm sand particles achieved a valid compressive strength model. The optimal composition was determined to be 148.28 g of sand and 50.0 g of PET plastic. With this mixture, blocks exhibited lower density, minimal water absorption, and high compressive strength, meeting the standards for durable construction materials. Therefore highlighting the potential of PET waste when combined with larger sand particles, to create cost-effective and environmentally friendly blocks. This study demonstrates a sustainable approach to repurposing plastic waste into valuable construction materials. Further research is recommended to assess the scalability, economic viability, and long-term durability of these paving blocks for broader applications.
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